Massive plastic pollution in a mega-river of a developing country: Sediment deposition and ingestion by fish (Prochilodus lineatus)
Massive plastic pollution in a mega-river of a developing country: Sediment deposition and ingestion by fish (Prochilodus lineatus)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113348
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Wantzen, Karl M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Blettler, Martin C. M.;Garello, Nicolas;Wantzen, Karl M.
本研究的目的是确定世界上最大的河流之一——阿根廷（南美洲）的巴拉那河中塑料碎片的数量、成分和来源，重点关注城市河流的影响、宏观、中观和微塑料之间的关系、社会政治问题以及鱼类摄入的微塑料。我们记录了大量来自国内的大塑料碎片（每条河流高达 5.05 个大塑料项目）。 m(2)) 主要以袋子（主要是高密度和低密度聚乙烯）、食品包装纸（聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯）、泡沫塑料（发泡聚苯乙烯）和饮料瓶（聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯）为主，特别是在城市河流汇合处的下游。这表明该地区废物收集、处理和最终处置不充分，令人遗憾的是，这种情况在南半球许多城市和阿根廷经常出现。我们在河流的海岸沉积物中平均发现了 4654 个微塑料碎片 m(-2)，范围为 131 至 12687 个微塑料 m(-2)。与欧洲和北美工业化国家的其他研究相比，二次微塑料（由较大颗粒粉碎产生）比一次微塑料（化妆品中的微珠或工业中的颗粒）更丰富。这可以通过社会和经济体之间消费习惯和工业化水平的差异来解释。在所研究的 Prochilodus lineatus（商业物种）的消化道中，100% 都记录到了微塑料颗粒（主要是纤维）。与其他研究人员最近发表的声明相反，我们的结果表明，大塑料和中塑料都不能作为污染中微塑料项目的替代品 调查表明，需要考虑所有三种尺寸类别。巴拉那河发现的大量塑料污染是由于废物管理不善造成的。需要采取新的行动来妥善管理废物从产生到最终处置的整个过程。 (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
The aim of this study was to determine the amount, composition and origin of plastic debris in one of the world largest river, the Parana River in Argentina (South America), focusing on the impact of urban rivers, relationships among macro, meso and microplastic, socio-political issues and microplastic ingestion by fish.We recorded a huge concentration of macroplastic debris of domestic origin (up to 5.05 macroplastic items per m(2)) dominated largely by bags (mainly high- and low-density polyethylene), foodwrapper (polypropylene and polystyrene), foam plastics (expanded polystyrene) and beverage bottles (polyethylene terephthalate), particularly downstream from the confluence with an urban stream. This suggests inadequate waste collection, processing and final disposal in the region, which is regrettably recurrent in many cities of the Global South and Argentina in particular.We found an average of 4654 microplastic fragments m(-2) in shoreline sediments of the river, ranging from 131 to 12687 microplastics m(-2). In contrast to other studies from industrialized countries from Europe and North America, secondary microplastics (resulting from comminution of larger particles) were more abundant than primary ones (microbeads to cosmetics or pellets to the industry). This could be explained by differences in consumer habits and industrialization level between societies and economies.Microplastic particles (mostly fibres) were recorded in the digestive tract of 100% of the studied Prochilodus lineatus (commercial species).Contrary to recently published statements by other researchers, our results suggest neither macroplastic nor mesoplastics would serve as surrogate for microplastic items in pollution surveys, suggesting the need to consider all three size categories.The massive plastic pollution found in the Parana River is caused by an inadequate waste management. New actions are required to properly manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.