Microtubule minus-end regulation at a glance
Microtubule minus-end regulation at a glance
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DOI：
10.1242/jcs.227850
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Steinmetz, Michel O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akhmanova, Anna;Steinmetz, Michel O.
微管是细胞骨架细丝，对细胞生理学的许多方面都至关重要。它们是极化聚合物管，具有快速生长的正极和缓慢生长的负极。在这篇细胞科学概览文章和随附的海报中，我们回顾了目前关于微管负端动力学和组织的知识。包括γ -微管蛋白环复合物、CAMSAP/Patronin、ASPM/Asp、SPIRAL2（在植物中）和KANSL复合物在内的几个因子识别微管负端，并调节它们的成核、稳定性和与伙伴的相互作用，如微管切断酶、微管解聚合酶和蛋白质支架。与负端定向马达一起，这些微管负端靶向蛋白（-TIPs）还控制微管组织中心（如中心体和纺锤极）的形成，并介导微管与细胞膜结构（包括细胞皮层、高尔基复合体和细胞核）的附着。结构和功能研究开始揭示动态-TIP网络控制微管负端的分子机制。
Microtubules are cytoskeletal filaments essential for numerous aspects of cell physiology. They are polarized polymeric tubes with a fast growing plus end and a slow growing minus end. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we review the current knowledge on the dynamics and organization of microtubule minus ends. Several factors, including the gamma-tubulin ring complex, CAMSAP/Patronin, ASPM/Asp, SPIRAL2 (in plants) and the KANSL complex recognize microtubule minus ends and regulate their nucleation, stability and interactions with partners, such as microtubule severing enzymes, microtubule depolymerases and protein scaffolds. Together with minus-end-directed motors, these microtubule minus-end targeting proteins (-TIPs) also control the formation of microtubule-organizing centers, such as centrosomes and spindle poles, and mediate microtubule attachment to cellular membrane structures, including the cell cortex, Golgi complex and the cell nucleus. Structural and functional studies are starting to reveal the molecular mechanisms by which dynamic -TIP networks control microtubule minus ends.