QUITTING SMOKING - STRATEGIES USED AND VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH SUCCESS IN A STOP-SMOKING CONTEST
QUITTING SMOKING - STRATEGIES USED AND VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH SUCCESS IN A STOP-SMOKING CONTEST
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-006x.53.6.905
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
PECHACEK, TF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GLASGOW, RE;KLESGES, RC;PECHACEK, TF
在一个社区范围内的戒烟竞赛中，134名参与者在参加竞赛时(戒烟日期之前)和为期一个月的竞赛结束后一周内通过电话采访进行了评估。受试者最初提供了人口统计特征、吸烟史和吸烟模式、尼古丁成瘾程度、感觉到的压力和一般社会支持水平的信息，这些信息被用来预测戒烟成功。后续访谈收集了认知、行为和一般戒烟策略的短期回顾报告，以及在戒烟方面获得的特定社会支持的数量。受试者报告说在他们试图戒烟的过程中使用了各种认知策略，但相对较少的行为技巧。尽管区分戒烟者和非戒烟者的判别函数分析具有统计学意义，但很少有个体变量与吸烟状况密切相关。预测成功的唯一变量是感知到的压力程度。成功的戒酒者比不成功的受试者更多地使用自我奖励策略和积极的自我陈述。讨论了这些结果的含义和进一步研究戒烟竞赛的潜在价值。
One-hundred and thirty-four participants in a communitywide stop-smoking contest were assessed via telephone interviews upon entry into the contest (before the quit date) and within a week of the conclusion of the month-long contest. Subjects initially provided information on demographic characteristics, smoking history and smoking patterns, degree of nicotine addiction, perceived stress, and level of general social support, which were used to prospectively predict success at quitting. The follow-up interview collected short-term retrospective reports of cognitive, behavioral, and general smoking modification strategies used and amount of social support received specific to stopping smoking. Subjects reported using a variety of cognitive strategies but relatively few behavioral techniques during their attempts to quit. Although discriminant function analyses to differentiate quitters and nonabstinent subjects were statistically significant, few individual variables were strongly associated with smoking status. The only variable to prospectively predict success was degree of perceived stress. Successful abstainers used self-reward strategies and positive self-statements more often than did less successful subjects. The implications of these results and the potential value of further investigations of quitting smoking contests are discussed.