Evaluation of Ad-hoc Secure Device Pairing Method with Accelerometer and Camera Using Marker
Evaluation of Ad-hoc Secure Device Pairing Method with Accelerometer and Camera Using Marker
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DOI：
10.15803/ijnc.9.2_318
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发表时间：
2019-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Nagatomo;Kentaro Aburada;N. Okazaki;Mirang Park
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Nagatomo;Kentaro Aburada;N. Okazaki;Mirang Park
目前，采用无线技术的设备经常相互进行临时通信。例如，演示者在会议室中将临时会议材料从 PC 无线分发到移动设备。然而，存在房间外的冒充者进行欺骗的问题。因此，设备必须在通信之前进行安全配对，即交换加密通信内容所需的密钥。作为设备之间的配对方法，存在使用来自接入点的RSS作为特征的配对方法。然而，RSS由于环境因素而发生显着变化。另一方面，存在将来自设备的加速度数据与来自服务器的相机的设备的位移数据进行比较的配对方法。然而，这些方法存在需要使用红外摄像机并且难以识别设备倾斜度的问题。因此，这些方法无法执行准确的设备配对。因此，在本文中，我们提出了一种使用设备上显示的加速度计和标记以及认证服务器的摄像头进行配对的方法。该方法通过比较设备上显示的标记序列后，计算来自设备的加速度数据的速度数据与来自摄像机的标记的位移数据之间的相似度来执行配对。该方法的优点是可以通过识别标记的倾斜度来检测设备的倾斜度。我们进行了三种类型的实验，以确认位移数据和加速度数据的相似性、摄像机范围之外的模仿者是否可以进行配对以及多个设备配对在一起的可能性。结果发现，设备的显示屏越大，相似度越高，所提出的方法可以通过平均相似度区分摄像头范围外的合法用户和冒充者，并且三台设备的配对成功率为 71.8%。
Currently, devices with wireless technologies often communicate each other ad hoc. For example, a presenter wirelessly distributes ad-hoc meeting materials from a PC to mobile device in a meeting room. However, there is a problem of spoofing by an impersonator outside the room. Hence, devices must conduct secure pairing, which is exchange of key necessary for encrypting communication contents, before the communication. As a pairing method between devices, there are pairing methods using RSS from access point as features. However, RSS changes significantly due to environmental factors. On the other hand, there are the pairing methods which compare acceleration data from devices with displacement data of devices from camera of a server. However, these methods have problems that it is necessary to use infrared camera and difficult to recognize inclination of devices. Thus, these methods cannot perform accurate device pairing. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method that perform pairing using devices' accelerometers and markers displayed on devices, and a camera of authentication server. This method performs pairing by calculating similarity between velocity data from acceleration data from devices and displacement data of the marker from camera after comparing marker sequence displayed on the device. This method has advantage that can detect devices' inclination by recognizing markers' inclination. We performed three types of experiments to confirm the similarity of displacement data and acceleration data, whether an impersonator outside camera range can perform pairing, and possibility of several devices pairing together. As a result, we founded that the larger the device's display is, the higher the similarity, the proposed method can distinguish legitimate user from impersonator outside camera range by average similarity, and three devices succeeded pairing at rate of 71.8%.