THE POPULATION-DYNAMICS OF TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS
THE POPULATION-DYNAMICS OF TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS
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DOI：
10.1017/s0016672300021455
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
CHARLESWORTH, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHARLESWORTH, B;CHARLESWORTH, D
本文描述了随机交配群体中转座因子种群动态的分析和模拟模型。该模型假设一个有限数目的染色体位点，是由一个给定的家庭的元素的成员所占用。由于复制转座、占据位点元件的丢失、对每个个体拷贝数的选择和遗传漂变，元件频率可能会发生变化。在一个无限的群体中，可以建立一个平衡，使得并非所有个体中的所有位点都被占据，允许个体之间在拷贝数和被占据位点的身份方面存在差异，正如在果蝇中观察到的几个元素家族。这样的平衡需要响应于每个基因组的拷贝数来调节转座速率，个体适应性对拷贝数的足够强烈的向下弯曲的依赖性，或两者。在不同轨迹之间相互独立的假设下，推导了有限总体大小效应产生的单元频率的概率分布，并与仿真结果进行了比较。尽管由于违反了独立性假设而存在一些差异，但模拟中看到的一般模式与理论吻合得很好。果蝇种群研究的数据进行了比较的理论模型，估计相关参数的方法进行了讨论。
Analytical and simulation models of the population dynamics of transposable elements in randomly mating populations are described. The models assume a finite number of chromosomal sites that are occupiable by members of a given family of elements. Element frequencies can change as a result of replicative transposition, loss of elements from occupied sites, selection on copy number per individual and genetic drift. In an infinite population, an equilibrium can be set up such that not all sites in all individuals are occupied, allowing variation between individuals in both copy number and identity of occupied sites, as was observed for several element families in Drosophila melanogaster. Such an equilibrium requires either regulation of transposition rate in response to copy number per genome, a sufficiently strongly downwardly curved dependence of individual fitness on copy number, or both. The probability distributions of element frequencies, generated by the effects of finite population size, are derived on the assumption of independence between different loci, and compared with simulation results. Despite some discrepancies due to violation of the independence assumption, the general pattern seen in the simulations agrees quite well with theory. Data from Drosophila population studies are compared with the theoretical models, and methods of estimating the relevant parameters are discussed.