'Inconstant males' and the maintenance of labile sex expression in subdioecious plants
'Inconstant males' and the maintenance of labile sex expression in subdioecious plants
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.01975.x
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Bataillon, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ehlers, Bodil K.;Bataillon, Thomas
在这里，我们评估的作用，花粉限制和自交在维持不稳定的性别表达在亚雌雄异株的植物species.We使用的文献调查，以探讨哪些因素与雌雄异株的物种发生显着的雌雄同体。我们开发了模型来探索不稳定性表达的选择性维持。这些模型有相似的生态学假设，但在性别不稳定的遗传基础上有所不同。我们发现，雌雄同体的显着频率与动物授粉有关，雌雄同体是“不恒定的”男性与完美的花朵，这表明通过雌异株途径进化。模型表明，一个修改器将纯男性转换为不恒定的男性可以保持在一个广泛的范围内减少男性和女性的健身。花粉限制和自花受精促进了该修饰物的入侵。根据性别决定的遗传学，我们发现了纯的雌雄同体，稳定的亚雌雄同体（三雌雄同体），以及不稳定的雄性与纯雌性或纯雄性共存的情况。在自交和花粉限制下，某些条件下选择不稳定的男性，这将推动种群灭绝。我们讨论了我们的结果，在进化的方向，和故障，diophyll，和不稳定的性别表达的生态和进化意义。
Here, we evaluate the role of pollen limitation and selfing in the maintenance of labile sex expression in subdioecious plant species.We used a literature survey to explore which factors correlated with a significant occurrence of hermaphrodites in dioecious species. We developed models to explore the selective maintenance of labile sex expression. The models had similar ecological assumptions but differed in the genetic basis of sex lability.We found that a significant frequency of hermaphrodites was associated with animal pollination, and that hermaphrodites were 'inconstant' males with perfect flowers, suggesting evolution through the gynodioecious pathway. Models showed that a modifier converting pure males into inconstant males could be maintained under a wide range of reduction in both male and female fitness. Pollen limitation and self-fertilization facilitated invasion of the modifier. Depending on the genetics of sex determination, we found pure dioecy, stable subdioecy (trioecy), and situations where inconstant males coexisted with either pure females or pure males. Under selfing and pollen limitation, certain conditions selected for inconstant males which will drive populations to extinction.We discuss our results in relation to the evolution towards, and the breakdown of, dioecy, and the ecological and evolutionary implications of labile sex expression.