Insect Wing Buckling Influences Stress and Stability During Collisions
Insect Wing Buckling Influences Stress and Stability During Collisions
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DOI：
10.1115/1.4055309
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发表时间：
2022-11-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Mountcastle, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jankauski, Mark;Schwab, Ryan;Mountcastle, Andrew
拍打翅膀的昆虫在飞行过程中会与植被和其他障碍物相撞。反复的碰撞可能会不可逆转地损坏昆虫的翅膀，从而损害昆虫的飞行能力。此外，由碰撞引起的反作用扭矩可能使昆虫不稳定并阻碍其操纵能力。为了减轻撞击的不利影响，一些昆虫的翅膀上装有一个叫做“肋折”的柔性关节。“一旦超过临界角，肋骨就会断裂，这被认为可以提高飞行稳定性并防止不可逆转的机翼损坏。然而，据我们所知，没有模型来预测的动态的海岸断裂。通过本研究，我们建立了一个简单的昆虫翅膀模型与肋骨断裂。机翼被建模为由扭转弹簧连接的两个梁，一旦扭转弹簧超过临界角，扭转弹簧的刚度立即减小。我们进行了一系列的静态测试，以近似模型参数。然后，我们使用数值模拟来估计碰撞过程中机翼所经历的反作用力矩、角冲量和峰值应力。当在外部载荷的持续时间内进行评估时，我们发现，与均匀机翼相比，屈曲可以分别使反作用力矩和角冲量减少82%和99%。这表明肋骨断裂可以提高飞行稳定性。另一方面，与均匀机翼相比，屈曲使峰值应力最大增加两倍，这表明在所考虑的简化载荷下，肋骨断裂并没有减少损伤的可能性。
Flapping insect wings collide with vegetation and other obstacles during flight. Repeated collisions may irreversibly damage the insect wing, thereby compromising the insect's ability to fly. Further, reaction torques caused by the collision may destabilize the insect and hinder its ability to maneuver. To mitigate the adverse effects of impact, some insect wings are equipped with a flexible joint called a "costal break." The costal break buckles once it exceeds a critical angle, which is believed to improve flight stability and prevent irreversible wing damage. However, to our knowledge, there are no models to predict the dynamics of the costal break. Through this research, we develop a simple model of an insect wing with a costal break. The wing was modeled as two beams interconnected by a torsional spring, where the stiffness of the torsional spring instantaneously decreases once it has exceeded a critical angle. We conducted a series of static tests to approximate model parameters. Then, we used numerical simulation to estimate the reaction moments, angular impulse, and peak stresses experienced by the wing during a collision. When evaluated over the duration of an external load, we found that buckling could reduce reaction moments and angular impulse up to 82% and 99%, respectively, compared to a homogeneous wing. This suggests the costal break can enhance flight stability. On the other hand, buckling maximally increased peak stresses two times compared to a homogeneous wing, indicating the costal break does not reduce likelihood of damage under the simplified loading considered.