Distribution of Clostridium botulinum Type E Strains in Nunavik, Northern Quebec, Canada
Distribution of Clostridium botulinum Type E Strains in Nunavik, Northern Quebec, Canada
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.05999-11
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Austin, John W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leclair, Daniel;Farber, Jeffrey M.;Austin, John W.
E 型肉毒梭菌的分布和水平是根据努纳维克海岸因纽特猎人屠宰海豹的现场测定的。在哈德逊海峡、哈德逊湾和安加瓦湾地区测试的样品中，E型肉毒杆菌在沿海海岸线土壤中的发病率分别为0%、50%和87.5%。 17.6% 的屠宰场在海水或沿海岩石表面检测到孢子，几乎所有屠宰场都位于昂加瓦湾南部。昂加瓦湾沿岸的 E 型肉毒杆菌浓度明显高于哈德逊海峡和哈得逊湾沿岸，其中在大河河口屠宰场附近发现浓度最高（270 至 1,800 个/公斤样品）。 Koksoak 河含有高含量的 E 型肉毒杆菌，在该河海洋部分的沉积物中发现的中值浓度最高（270/kg）。在海豹的肠道内容物（4.4%）和皮肤（1.4%）中发现了 E 型肉毒杆菌。在努纳维克海岸线沿线的 21 个屠宰场及其周围地区观察到 E 型肉毒梭菌分离株的高度遗传多样性，其中 83% (44/53) 的分离株产生独特的脉冲场凝胶电泳基因型。该地区屠宰过程中海豹肉的污染可能涉及多种 E 型肉毒杆菌来源，但昂加瓦湾南部海岸线沿线的环境来源和科克索克河沉积物的污染风险似乎要高得多。
The distribution and levels of Clostridium botulinum type E were determined from field sites used by Inuit hunters for butchering seals along the coast of Nunavik. The incidence rates of C. botulinum type E in shoreline soil along the coast were 0, 50, and 87.5% among samples tested for the Hudson Strait, Hudson Bay, and Ungava Bay regions, respectively. Spores were detected in seawater or coastal rock surfaces from 17.6% of butchering sites, almost all of which were located in southern Ungava Bay. Concentrations of C. botulinum type E along the Ungava Bay coast were significantly higher than on the coasts of Hudson Strait and Hudson Bay, with the highest concentrations (270 to 1,800/kg of sample) found near butchering sites located along the mouths of large rivers. The Koksoak River contained high levels of C. botulinum type E, with the highest median concentration (270/kg) found in sediments of the marine portion of the river. C. botulinum type E was found in the intestinal contents (4.4%) and skins (1.4%) of seals. A high genetic biodiversity of C. botulinum type E isolates was observed among the 21 butchering sites and their surroundings along the Nunavik coastline, with 83% of isolates (44/53) yielding distinct pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotypes. Multiple sources of C. botulinum type E may be involved in the contamination of seal meat during butchering in this region, but the risk of contamination appears to be much higher from environmental sources along the shoreline of southern Ungava Bay and the sediments of the Koksoak River.