Global Telemedicine Implementation and Integration Within Health Systems to Fight the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Call to Action
Global Telemedicine Implementation and Integration Within Health Systems to Fight the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Call to Action
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DOI：
10.2196/18810
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Odone, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ohannessian, Robin;Tu Anh Duong;Odone, Anna
于二零二零年三月十一日，世界卫生组织宣布二零一九年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）爆发为大流行病，截至三月三十一日，超过203个国家报告超过720，000宗病例。应对策略包括早期诊断、患者隔离、接触者以及疑似和确诊病例的症状监测以及公共卫生检疫。在这方面，特别是在联合王国和美利坚合众国，推广和扩大了远程医疗，特别是视频咨询，以减少传播风险。根据文献综述，2015年发布了疫情期间实施远程医疗的第一个概念框架。新冠肺炎疫情远程医疗的最新框架已经确定。这一框架可以大规模应用，以改善国家公共卫生应对措施。然而，大多数国家缺乏授权、整合和报销远程医疗服务的监管框架，包括在紧急情况和疫情爆发情况下。在这方面，意大利没有将远程医疗纳入国家卫生服务体系内向所有公民提供的基本护理水平，而法国则批准、报销并积极促进远程医疗的使用。在全球范围内使用远程医疗并将其整合到应对COVID-19和未来疫情的公共卫生工作中，仍存在一些挑战。鼓励所有利益攸关方应对挑战，并开展合作，促进在当前流行病和未来疫情期间安全和循证地使用远程医疗。对于国家卫生保健系统中没有综合远程医疗的国家，COVID-19大流行呼吁采取必要的监管框架，以支持广泛采用远程医疗。
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as a pandemic, with over 720,000 cases reported in more than 203 countries as of 31 March. The response strategy included early diagnosis, patient isolation, symptomatic monitoring of contacts as well as suspected and confirmed cases, and public health quarantine. In this context, telemedicine, particularly video consultations, has been promoted and scaled up to reduce the risk of transmission, especially in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Based on a literature review, the first conceptual framework for telemedicine implementation during outbreaks was published in 2015. An updated framework for telemedicine in the COVID-19 pandemic has been defined. This framework could be applied at a large scale to improve the national public health response. Most countries, however, lack a regulatory framework to authorize, integrate, and reimburse telemedicine services, including in emergency and outbreak situations. In this context, Italy does not include telemedicine in the essential levels of care granted to all citizens within the National Health Service, while France authorized, reimbursed, and actively promoted the use of telemedicine. Several challenges remain for the global use and integration of telemedicine into the public health response to COVID-19 and future outbreaks. All stakeholders are encouraged to address the challenges and collaborate to promote the safe and evidence-based use of telemedicine during the current pandemic and future outbreaks. For countries without integrated telemedicine in their national health care system, the COVID-19 pandemic is a call to adopt the necessary regulatory frameworks for supporting wide adoption of telemedicine.