Neural correlates of probabilistic category learning in patients with schizophrenia.
Neural correlates of probabilistic category learning in patients with schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4341-08.2009
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发表时间：
2009-01-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mattay VS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weickert TW;Goldberg TE;Callicott JH;Chen Q;Apud JA;Das S;Zoltick BJ;Egan MF;Meeter M;Myers C;Gluck MA;Weinberger DR;Mattay VS
健康成年人概率分类学习的功能神经成像研究报告了皮质-纹状体回路的激活。基于精神分裂症患者在学习速度正常的同时存在整体表现缺陷的研究结果，我们假设精神分裂症患者在概率类别学习过程中，相对于健康成人，患者会表现出尾状核的保存和前额叶皮质的异常激活。40名接受抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症患者和25名健康参与者在接受BOLD fMRI检查的同时，对随机类别学习和控制任务的交错块进行了评估。除了精神分裂症患者和健康成年人的整个样本外，还比较了学习良好的匹配患者和健康成年人的子集。在整个样本分析中，精神分裂症患者与健康成年人相比，表现出表现受损，同时学习速度正常。对患者和被归类为学习良好的健康成年人的匹配比较显示，健康成年人的尾状核和背外侧前额叶皮质活动更强，患者的前额叶背外侧、扣带状、海马旁和顶叶皮质的更远端区域的激活更强。这些结果表明，在额叶-纹状体功能正常的情况下，成功的概率范畴学习可以发生。基于对学习和表现匹配的患者和健康成年人的分析，少数精神分裂症患者通过差异化激活受限神经网络实现了成功的概率类别学习和表现水平，这表明在表现出成功学习的患者中存在补偿机制。
Functional neuroimaging studies of probabilistic category learning in healthy adults report activation of cortical-striatal circuitry. Based on previous findings of normal learning rate concurrent with an overall performance deficit in patients with schizophrenia, we hypothesized that relative to healthy adults, patients with schizophrenia would display preserved caudate nucleus and abnormal prefrontal cortex activation during probabilistic category learning. Forty patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic medication and 25 healthy participants were assessed on interleaved blocks of probabilistic category learning and control tasks while undergoing BOLD fMRI. In addition to the whole sample of patients with schizophrenia and healthy adults, a subset of patients and healthy adults matched for good learning was also compared. In the whole sample analysis, patients with schizophrenia displayed impaired performance in conjunction with normal learning rate relative to healthy adults. The matched comparison of patients and healthy adults classified as good learners revealed greater caudate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity in the healthy adults and greater activation in a more rostral region of the dorsolateral prefrontal, cingulate, parahippocampal and parietal cortex in patients. These results demonstrate that successful probabilistic category learning can occur in the absence of normal frontal-striatal function. Based on analyses of the patients and healthy adults matched on learning and performance, a minority of patients with schizophrenia achieve successful probabilistic category learning and performance levels through differential activation of a circumscribed neural network which suggests a compensatory mechanism in patients showing successful learning.