Neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: trends and determinants.

Neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: trends and determinants.
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DOI:
10.1186/1471-2458-13-483
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发表时间:
2013-05-17
期刊:
影响因子:
4.5
通讯作者:
Bekele A
Bekele A
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mekonnen Y;Tensou B;Telake DS;Degefie T;Bekele A

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埃塞俄比亚新生儿死亡率占 5 岁以下儿童死亡人数的 42%。我们的目的是研究埃塞俄比亚新生儿死亡率的趋势和决定因素。我们分析了 2000 年、2005 年和 2011 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查 (DHS) 中活产婴儿的出生史信息。我们使用简单线性回归分析来检查新生儿死亡率的趋势,并使用多变量 Cox 比例风险回归模型使用分层方法来检查相关因素。 1995年至2010年,新生儿死亡率每年呈对数下降1.9%。早期新生儿死亡率每年下降0.9%,占新生儿死亡的74%。使用多变量分析,新生儿死亡风险增加与男性相关(风险比(HR) = 1.38;95%置信区间(CI),1.23 − 1.55);母亲年龄 < 18岁所生的新生儿(HR = 1.41;95% CI,1.15 − 1.72);以及上一次出生后 2 年内出生的人(HR = 2.19;95% CI,1.89 − 2.51)。与春季出生相比,冬季出生的死亡风险增加(HR = 1.28;95% CI,1.08 − 1.51)。在分娩前给母亲注射两次破伤风类毒素注射(TTI)可降低新生儿死亡风险(HR = 0.44;95% CI,0.36 − 0.54)。与未受过教育的女性相比,受过中等或高等教育的女性所生的新生儿死亡风险较低(HR = 0.68;95% CI,0.49 − 0.95)。与亚的斯亚贝巴的新生儿相比,阿姆哈拉(HR:1.88;95% CI:1.26 − 2.83)、Benishangul Gumuz(HR:1.75;95% CI:1.15 − 2.67)和提格雷(HR:1.54;95% CI:1.54;95% CI: 1.01 − 2.34)地区的死亡风险明显较高。新生儿死亡率必须更快下降,才能实现埃塞俄比亚 5 岁以下儿童死亡率的千年发展目标 (MDG) 4。解决新生儿生存问题的策略需要采取多方面的方法,其中包括健康相关措施和其他措施。解决出生间隔短和预防早孕问题必须被视为干预措施。各项计划必须提高 TTI 的覆盖范围,并更加重视预防冬季出生体温过低。提高新生儿存活率的战略必须解决不同妇女教育程度和地区之间新生儿死亡率的不平等问题。
The Ethiopian neonatal mortality rate constitutes 42% of under-5 deaths. We aimed to examine the trends and determinants of Ethiopian neonatal mortality. We analyzed the birth history information of live births from the 2000, 2005 and 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). We used simple linear regression analyses to examine trends in neonatal mortality rates and a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model using a hierarchical approach to examine the associated factors. The neonatal mortality rate declined by 1.9% per annum from 1995 to 2010, logarithmically. The early neonatal mortality rate declined by 0.9% per annum and was where 74% of the neonatal deaths occurred. Using multivariate analyses, increased neonatal mortality risk was associated with male sex (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.23 − 1.55); neonates born to mothers aged < 18 years (HR = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.15 − 1.72); and those born within 2 years of the preceding birth (HR = 2.19; 95% CI, 1.89 − 2.51). Winter birth increased the risk of dying compared with spring births (HR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.08 − 1.51). Giving two Tetanus Toxoid Injections (TTI) to the mothers before childbirth decreased neonatal mortality risk (HR = 0.44; 95% CI, 0.36 − 0.54). Neonates born to women with secondary or higher schooling vs. no education had a lower risk of dying (HR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.49 − 0.95). Compared with neonates in Addis Ababa, neonates in Amhara (HR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.26 − 2.83), Benishangul Gumuz (HR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.15 − 2.67) and Tigray (HR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.01 − 2.34) regions carried a significantly higher risk of death. Neonatal mortality must decline more rapidly to achieve the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 target for under-5 mortality in Ethiopia. Strategies to address neonatal survival require a multifaceted approach that encompasses health-related and other measures. Addressing short birth interval and preventing early pregnancy must be considered as interventions. Programs must improve the coverage of TTI and prevention of hypothermia for winter births should be given greater emphasis. Strategies to improve neonatal survival must address inequalities in neonatal mortality by women's education and region.
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发表时间: 2008-03-01
影响因子: 1.5
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