Production and characterization of activated carbon from barley straw by physical activation with carbon dioxide and steam
Production and characterization of activated carbon from barley straw by physical activation with carbon dioxide and steam
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.04.015
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Arauzo, Inmaculada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pallares, Javier;Gonzalez-Cencerrado, Ana;Arauzo, Inmaculada
近年来，环境保护政策的增长导致全球对活性炭的需求增加，活性炭是许多工业部门中使用最广泛的吸附剂，并且在其他领域具有良好的应用前景，例如能源储存（超级电容器中的电极）和农业（肥料生产）。这种需求是由寻找可再生的、丰富的和低成本的前体材料作为传统化石资源的替代品推动的。以大麦秆为原料，采用二氧化碳和水蒸气两种不同的活化剂，采用物理活化法制备活性炭。在不同的条件下，在该过程的每个阶段，碳化和活化，进行了实验测试，以最大限度地提高最终产品的BET表面积和微孔率。在碳化阶段，温度和加热速率已被发现是最相关的因素，而活化温度和保持时间在活化过程中起作用。在用二氧化碳活化的情况下，在800 ℃和1小时的保持时间下，以及在用蒸汽活化的情况下，在700 ℃和1小时的保持时间下，获得了活化阶段的最佳条件。通过二氧化碳活化实现的最大BET表面积和最大BET体积分别为789 m2/g和0.3268 cm 3/g，而对于蒸汽活化为552 m2/g和0.2304 cm 3/g，这分别表示对于用二氧化碳活化的情况增加超过43%和42%。
In recent years, the growth of environmental protection policies has generated an increase in the global demand for activated carbon, the most widely used adsorbent in many industrial sectors, and with good prospects of implementation in others such as energy storage (electrodes in supercapacitors) and agriculture (fertilizer production). This demand is driving by the search for renewable, abundant and low-cost precursor materials, as an alternative to traditional fossil sources. This study investigates the production of activated carbon from barley straw using physical activation method with two different activating agents, carbon dioxide and steam. Experimental tests under different conditions at each stage of the process, carbonization and activation, have been conducted in order to maximize the BET surface area and microporosity of the final product. During the carbonization stage, temperature and heating rate have been found to be the most relevant factors, while activation temperature and hold time played this role during activation. Optimal conditions for the activation stage were obtained at 800 degrees C and a hold time of 1 h in the case of activation with carbon dioxide and at 700 degrees C and a hold time of 1 h in the case of activation with steam. The maximum BET surface area and micropore volume achieved by carbon dioxide activation were of 789 m(2)/g and 0.3268 cm(3)/g while for steam activation were 552 m(2)/g and 0.2304 cm(3)/g, which represent respectively an increase of more than 43% and 42% for the case of activation with carbon dioxide.