The measurement and description of the yielding behavior of waxy crude oil
The measurement and description of the yielding behavior of waxy crude oil
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DOI：
10.1122/1.550168
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发表时间：
1991-08
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
L. Wardhaugh;D. V. Boger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Wardhaugh;D. V. Boger
静态冷却的含蜡原油样品具有复杂的屈服行为，无法通过现有的屈服应力流体模型或触变材料的描述和建模来描述。屈服过程的三个不同特征，即固体（胡克）行为、缓慢变形（蠕变）和与固体脆性或韧性断裂非常相似的样品突然失效，已通过四种不同的技术确定：叶片技术、锥板粘度计（恒定旋转）、恒定应力流变仪和振荡（动态）测试。毛细管粘度计或中试规模管道存在技术困难，使其不适合研究含蜡原油的产出行为。断裂剪切应力是管道设计者最感兴趣的值，也是最常被视为屈服点的值。讨论了获得可重复屈服应力和断裂应力数据的方法。
Statically cooled samples of waxy crude oil possess a complex yielding behavior that cannot be described by existing yield stress fluid models nor by the description and modeling of thixotropic materials. Three distinct characteristics of the yielding process, namely, a solid (Hookean) behavior, a slow deformation (creep), and a sudden failure of the sample that closely resembles the brittle or ductile fracture of solids, have been identified by four different techniques−the vane technique, the cone and plate viscometer (constant rotation), constant stress rheometry, and oscillatory (dynamic) testing. A capillary viscometer or pilot scale pipeline presents technical difficulties which make it unsuitable for investigating the yielding behavior of waxy crude oils. The shear stress at fracture is the value of most interest to pipeline designers and the one most often taken as the yield point. Means of obtaining reproducible yield stress and fracture stress data are discussed.