INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION IN ASPEN PHYTOCHEMISTRY - EFFECTS ON PERFORMANCE OF GYPSY MOTHS AND FOREST TENT CATERPILLARS
INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION IN ASPEN PHYTOCHEMISTRY - EFFECTS ON PERFORMANCE OF GYPSY MOTHS AND FOREST TENT CATERPILLARS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00328428
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发表时间：
1995-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
LINDROTH, RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HEMMING, JDC;LINDROTH, RL
颤栗杨树的叶化学和对舞毒蛾和森林帐篷毛虫的易感性差异很大。为了将这些昆虫的表现与叶片化学差异联系起来，我们在不同的白杨树的叶子上饲养了从卵孵化到化蛹的幼虫，并分析了叶子样品中的水、氮、总非结构性碳水化合物、酚类苷和缩合单宁。不同树种的幼虫表现差异显著。两种植物的蛹重均与酚苷浓度呈显著负相关。此外，舞毒蛾的生产性能与浓缩单宁浓度呈正相关，而森林帐毛虫蛹重与叶片氮浓度呈正相关。在随后的一项研究中，用添加了酚糖苷tremulacin的杨树叶片喂养幼虫，证实该化合物降低了幼虫的生产性能。随着饲料中tremulacin含量的增加，幼虫的运动持续时间增加，相对生长率和食物转化效率降低。舞毒蛾在性能上的差异比森林帐篷毛虫更明显。这些结果表明，在五大湖地区，杨树、舞毒蛾和森林帐篷毛虫之间的相互作用中，防御化学的种内变化可能起着重要的调节作用，并可能解释这两种昆虫对杨树落叶的差异。
Individual quaking aspen trees vary greatly in foliar chemistry and susceptibility to defoliation by gypsy moths and forest tent caterpillars. To relate performance of these insects to differences in foliar chemistry, we reared larvae from egg hatch to pupation on leaves from different aspen trees and analyzed leaf samples for water, nitrogen, total nonstructural carbohydrates, phenolic glycosides, and condensed tannins. Larval performance varied markedly among trees. Pupal weights of both species were strongly and inversely related to phenolic glycoside concentrations. In addition, gypsy moth performance was positively related to condensed tannin concentrations, whereas forest tent caterpillar pupal weights were positively associated with leaf nitrogen concentrations. A subsequent study with larvae fed aspen leaves supplemented with the phenolic glycoside tremulacin confirmed that the compound reduces larval performance. Larvae exhibited increased stadium durations and decreased relative growth rates and food conversion efficiencies as dietary levels of tremulacin increased. Differences in performance were more pronounced for gypsy moths than for forest tent caterpillars. These results suggest that intraspecific variation in defensive chemistry may strongly mediate interactions between aspen, gypsy moths and forest tent caterpillars in the Great Lakes region, and may account for differential defoliation of aspen by these two insect species.