Characterization of major natural and anthropogenic source profiles for size-fractionated PM in Yangtze River Delta
Characterization of major natural and anthropogenic source profiles for size-fractionated PM in Yangtze River Delta
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长三角地区颗粒物颗粒物主要自然和人为来源剖面特征
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.106
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Huang Tunan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen Pulong;Wang Tijian;Dong Mei;Kasoar Matthew;Han Yong;Xie Min;Li Shu;Zhuang Bingliang;Li Mengmeng;Huang Tunan
采用抓取/再悬浮采样和环境空气采样的方法，在长三角两个工业城市的自然和人为来源采集了粒径分馏颗粒样本。基于元素（Al, As, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe， K, Mg, Mn, Na， Pb和Zn），可溶性离子（Cl−,NO3−,SO42−,NH4+, K+， Na+和Ca2 +）和碳质物质（有机碳（OC）和单质碳（EC）），获得了21个源剖面的化学特征。不同地区的污染源以及不同颗粒大小之间的分布情况各不相同。结果表明，土壤粉尘、建筑粉尘和逸散粉尘的颗粒物质通常富含地壳元素，特别是Al、Ca、Fe和Mg，而钙的存在被发现是水泥工业和陶瓷工业的标志。燃煤电厂颗粒的主要成分是可变的，OC在2.2%-27%之间。由于盐和有机物的存在，垃圾发电厂和烹饪烟雾颗粒排放富集Na， Cl−，OC和K。铁元素含量在6.1% ~ 26.0%之间，是钢铁生产粉尘的重要标志。汽车尾气中OC（12.1% ~ 53.6%）和EC（3.9% ~ 20.0%）丰度较高。秸秆燃烧的主要成分为K（1.6% ~ 7.2%）和OC（12.4% ~ 25.9%）。在建立纺织、陶瓷和电镀工业等当地工业概况方面也进行了初步工作。该研究可用于受体模型研究，以估计不同来源对长三角细分异颗粒物的贡献。
Samples of size-fractionated particles were collected from local natural and anthropogenic sources in two industrial cities in the Yangtze River Delta, using either grab/resuspension sampling or ambient air sampling. The chemical characterizations of twenty one source profiles were obtained, based on elements (Al, As, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Pb and Zn), soluble ions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42 −, NH4+, K+, Na+and Ca2 +) and carbonaceous material such as organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC). The profiles vary between sources from different areas, as well as between different particulate sizes. Results show that particulate matter that originated as soil dust, construction dust and fugitive dust is typically rich in crustal elements, especially Al, Ca, Fe and Mg, while the presence of calcium is found to be a hallmark of the cement industry and ceramic industry. Dominant compositions of particles from coal-fired power plants are variable, with OC ranging from 2.2%–27%. Garbage-fired power plant and cooking smoke particulate emissions are enriched in Na, Cl−, OC and K due to the presence of salty and organic matter. The element Fe, ranging from 6.1% to 26.0%, is found to be an important marker for steel production dust. Vehicle exhaust profiles are characterized by high abundances of OC (12.1%–53.6%) and EC (3.9%–20.0%). Burning of straw results in K (1.6%–7.2%) and OC (12.4%–25.9%) being the dominant composition. Preliminary work has also been done on establishing local industrial profiles such as textile, ceramic and electroplating industries. This work could be used in receptor model studies to estimate the contributions of different sources to the size-fractionated particulate matter in the Yangtze River Delta.