Nutrition, Genes, and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: What Have We Learned from the Trials?
Nutrition, Genes, and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: What Have We Learned from the Trials?
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DOI：
10.1159/000473865
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Chew, Emily Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chew, Emily Y.
老年性黄斑变性相关眼病研究（AREDS）和AREDS 2提供了用抗氧化维生素和矿物质治疗老年性黄斑变性（AMD）患者以降低晚期AMD发展风险的证据。AREDS 2的数据表明，原始AREDS补充剂中的β-胡萝卜素被叶黄素和玉米黄质取代，为吸烟者或前吸烟者提供更安全的药物。尽管在观察性研究中食用鱼类可以降低AMD的风险，但AREDS 2的结果表明，omega-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（二十二碳六烯酸/二十碳五烯酸）对AMD没有有益的影响。尽管在发现与AMD相关的基因变异方面取得了重大进展，但使用基因检测来预测疾病在临床上并不有用。美国眼科学会和其他组织不建议在AMD治疗前使用基因检测，例如服用AREDS补充剂。(C)2017 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS2 provided evidence for treating persons with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with antioxidant vitamins and minerals to reduce the risk of development of late AMD. The AREDS2 data suggest that the beta-carotene in the original AREDS supplements be replaced by lutein and zeaxanthin, providing a safer drug for those who are smokers or former smokers. Even though consuming fish reduced the risk of AMD in observational studies, the AREDS2 results showed that omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (docosahexaenoic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid) had no beneficial effect on AMD. Despite the major progress in the discovery of gene variants associated with AMD, the use of genetic testing to predict disease has not been clinically useful. The use of genetic testing prior to AMD therapies such as administering AREDS supplements is not recommended by the American Academy of Ophthalmology and other organizations. (C) 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel