Diets Enriched with Conventional or High-Oleic Acid Canola Oils Lower Atherogenic Lipids and Lipoproteins Compared to a Diet with a Western Fatty Acid Profile in Adults with Central Adiposity
Diets Enriched with Conventional or High-Oleic Acid Canola Oils Lower Atherogenic Lipids and Lipoproteins Compared to a Diet with a Western Fatty Acid Profile in Adults with Central Adiposity
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/nxy307
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Jones, Peter J. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bowen, Kate J.;Kris-Etherton, Penny M.;Jones, Peter J. H.
背景：富含单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）和低饱和脂肪酸（SFA）的新型油是富含反式不饱和脂肪酸的部分氢化油的替代品。高单不饱和脂肪酸 (MUFA) 油在整个食品行业得到广泛使用；然而，对其心血管影响的了解有限。 目的：作为试验的次要结果，我们研究了含有芥花籽油、高油酸芥花籽油 (HOCO) 和对照油混合物（模拟西方脂肪谱的饮食）的饮食对脂质、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白 (apos) 的影响。 随机、3 阶段交叉、对照喂养试验，男性 (n = 44) 和女性 (n = 75)，平均年龄为 44 岁，平均体重指数 (BMI；单位为 kg/m(2)) 为 31.7，腰围增加且符合 >= 1 代谢综合征标准，食用含有菜籽油的体重维持饮食 [175% MUFA，9.2% 多不饱和脂肪酸 脂肪酸 (PUFA)、6.6% SFA]、HOCO（19.1% MUFA、7.0% PUFA、6.4% SFA）或对照油（10.5% MUFA、10.0% PUFA、12.3% SFA）6 周，并 >= 4 周冲洗。在基线和 6 周评估空腹血脂。使用重复测量混合模型检查饮食效果。 结果：与对照相比，双低油菜籽和 HOCO 饮食导致较低的终点总胆固醇（TC；-4.2% 和 -3.4%；P < 0.0001）、LDL 胆固醇（-6.6% 和 -5.6%；P < 0.0001）、apoB（-3.7% 和 -3.4%；P = 0.002）和非 HDL 胆固醇（-4.5% 和 -4.0%；P = 0.001），双低油菜籽饮食之间没有差异。 HOCO饮食后的TC：HDL胆固醇和apoB：apoA1比率低于对照饮食后（分别为-3.7％和-3.4％）。饮食对甘油三酯、HDL 胆固醇或 apoA1 浓度没有影响。结论：HOCO 以减少 PUFA 为代价增加 MUFA，对脂质和脂蛋白产生有益影响，与传统菜籽油相当，并且与降低中枢性肥胖成人心血管疾病风险一致。
Background: Novel oils high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and low in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are an alternative to partially hydrogenated oils high in trans-unsaturated fatty acids. There is widespread use of high-MUFA oils across the food industry; however, limited knowledge of their cardiovascular impact exists.Objective: We investigated the effects of diets containing canola oil, high-oleic acid canola oil (HOCO), and a control oil blend (diet formulated to emulate a Western fat profile) on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins (apos), as secondary outcomes of the trial.Methods: In a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, 3-period crossover, controlled feeding trial, men (n = 44) and women (n = 75) with a mean age of 44 y, mean body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) of 31.7, and an increased waist circumference plus >= 1 metabolic syndrome criteria consumed prepared, weight-maintenance diets containing canola oil [175% MUFAs, 9.2% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), 6.6% SFAs], HOCO (19.1% MUFAs, 7.0% PUFAs, 6.4% SFAs), or control oil (10.5% MUFAs, 10.0% PUFAs, 12.3% SFAs) for 6 wk with >= 4-wk washouts. Fasting serum lipids were assessed at baseline and 6 wk. Diet effects were examined using a repeated measures mixed model.Results: Compared with the control, canola and HOCO diets resulted in lower endpoint total cholesterol (TC; -4.2% and -3.4%; P < 0.0001), LDL cholesterol (-6.6% and -5.6%; P < 0.0001), apoB (-3.7% and -3.4%; P = 0.002), and non-HDL cholesterol (-4.5% and -4.0%; P = 0.001), with no differences between canola diets. The TC:HDL cholesterol and apoB:apoA1 ratios were lower after the HOCO diet than after the control diet (-3.7% and -3.4%, respectively). There were no diet effects on triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, or apoA1 concentrations.Conclusions: HOCO, with increased MUFAs at the expense of decreased PUFAs, elicited beneficial effects on lipids and lipoproteins comparable to conventional canola oil and consistent with reduced cardiovascular disease risk in adults with central adiposity.