THE BODY-MASS INDEX OF TWINS WHO HAVE BEEN REARED APART
THE BODY-MASS INDEX OF TWINS WHO HAVE BEEN REARED APART
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DOI：
10.1056/nejm199005243222102
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发表时间：
1990-05-24
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
MCCLEARN, GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
STUNKARD, AJ;HARRIS, JR;MCCLEARN, GE
为了评估遗传和环境影响对体重指数(公斤体重除以米身高的平方)的相对重要性，我们研究了分开饲养或一起饲养的同卵和异卵双胞胎的样本。样本包括93对分开饲养的同卵双胞胎，154对一起饲养的同卵双胞胎，218对分开饲养的异卵双胞胎，以及208对一起饲养的异卵双胞胎。分开饲养的同卵双胞胎的体重指数的组内相关系数男性为0.70，女性为0.66。这些是对遗传影响(遗传力)对体重指数相对重要性的最直接估计，仅略低于本研究和早期研究中一起养育的双胞胎的估计。最大似然模型拟合分析也得出了类似的估计--男性为0.74，女性为0.69。非加性遗传方差对遗传力的估计有很大的贡献，特别是在男性中。在潜在的环境影响中，只有个人独有的影响而不是家庭成员共有的影响是重要的，贡献了大约30%的差异。共享相同的育儿环境并不有助于双胞胎晚年的身体质量指数的相似性。我们的结论是，遗传对体重指数的影响很大，而童年环境几乎没有或几乎没有影响。这些发现证实并扩展了早先对双胞胎和被领养人的研究结果。
To assess the relative importance of genetic and environmental effects on the body-mass index (weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters), we studied samples of identical and fraternal twins, reared apart or reared together. The samples consisted of 93 pairs of identical twins reared apart, 154 pairs of identical twins reared together, 218 pairs of fraternal twins reared apart, and 208 pairs of fraternal twins reared together. The intrapair correlation coefficients of the values for body-mass index of identical twins reared apart were 0.70 for men and 0.66 for women. These are the most direct estimates of the relative importance of genetic influences (heritability) on the body-mass index, and they were only slightly lower than those for twins reared together in this and earlier studies. Similar estimates were derived from maximum-likelihood model-fitting analyses - 0.74 for men and 0.69 for women. Nonadditive genetic variance made a significant contribution to the estimates of heritability, particularly among men. Of the potential environmental influences, only those unique to the individual and not those shared by family members were important, contributing about 30 percent of the variance. Sharing the same childhold environment did not contribute to the similarity of the body-mass index of twin later in life. We conclude that genetic influences on body-mass index are substantial, whereas the childhood environment has little or no influence. These findings corroborate and extend the results of earlier studies of twins and adoptees.