Mapping marine debris across coastal communities in Belize: developing a baseline for understanding the distribution of litter on beaches using geographic information systems
Mapping marine debris across coastal communities in Belize: developing a baseline for understanding the distribution of litter on beaches using geographic information systems
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绘制伯利兹沿海社区海洋垃圾地图：利用地理信息系统制定了解海滩垃圾分布的基线
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Timothy L. Hawthorne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Bennett;C. Visaggi;Timothy L. Hawthorne
监测海洋垃圾(也称为海洋垃圾)是消除人类对海洋生态系统造成的生态危险进程中的一个重要步骤。这项研究利用地理信息系统研究了加勒比国家伯利兹的海洋废弃物，目的是：(1)建立一个详细的数据库，供手持全球定位系统设备和平板电脑使用，并配有移动地图应用程序，以便在实地部署；(2)建立一个免费提供的在线地图门户网站，与伯利兹人分享数据，以鼓励今后的公民科学工作。袭击目标包括四个不同的社区，从人口较多的较大城镇到伯利兹中部和南部的较小村庄：圣佩德罗、凯·考尔克、蓬塔戈达和猴子河。进行了一个多月的实地工作，在此期间，在5000万次调查中收集了数据点，然后清理和清除了碎片。我们数据库中的特征包括材料、数量、项目、品牌和条件。在地理信息系统中记录了6000多块碎片以供进一步分析，并从伯利兹海岸清除了299加仑的碎片。在所有地点观察到的最丰富的碎片形式是塑料(通常是瓶子)；塑料占所有观察到的碎片物品的77.6%。通过地理信息系统，记录了伯利兹多个环境的碎片模式的详细快照。与伯利兹当地组织正在进行的合作表明，在分析和管理海洋废弃物方面，这种地理信息系统方法表现出极大的兴趣和作用。这项研究产生的数据、方法、视觉表现和在线测绘平台是直接支持当地伯利兹社区宣传和政策的第一步，同时为解决加勒比海洋废弃物问题的更大体制战略作出贡献。
Monitoring of marine debris (also known as marine litter) is an essential step in the process to eradicate ecological dangers in marine ecosystems caused by humans. This study examines marine debris in the Caribbean country of Belize using geographic information systems (GIS) to develop (1) a detailed data library for use on handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) units and tablets with mobile mapping applications for deployment in the field and (2) a freely available, online mapping portal to share data with Belizeans to encourage future citizen science efforts. Four diverse communities were targeted ranging from larger more populated towns, to smaller villages across central and southern Belize: San Pedro, Caye Caulker, Punta Gorda, and Monkey River. Fieldwork was conducted over 1 month, during which data points were collected in 50-m surveys followed by debris cleanup and removal. Features in our database included material, quantity, item, brand, and condition. Over 6000 pieces of debris were recorded in GIS for further analysis, and 299 gal of debris were removed from the shores of Belize. The most abundant form of debris observed was plastic (commonly bottles) across all locations; plastic comprised 77.6 % of all debris items observed. Through GIS, a detailed snapshot understanding of debris patterns across multiple settings in Belize was documented. Ongoing collaborations with local organizations in Belize have demonstrated significant interest and utility for such GIS approaches in analyzing and managing marine debris. The data, methodology, visual representations, and online mapping platform resulting from this research are a first step in directly supporting local Belizean community advocacy and policy, while contributing to larger institutional strategies for addressing marine debris issues in the Caribbean.