Wild intersex roach (Rutilus rutilus) have reduced fertility
Wild intersex roach (Rutilus rutilus) have reduced fertility
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DOI：
10.1095/biolreprod67.2.515
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Sumpter, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jobling, S;Coey, S;Sumpter, JP
已知存在于环境中的干扰内分泌的化学品具有干扰野生动物和人类生殖健康的巨大潜力。然而，几乎没有直接证据表明内分泌干扰对任何生物体的生育能力产生不利影响。例如，在淡水和河口鱼类中，尽管有报道说中间性的发生率很高，但尚不清楚中间性是否影响生殖成功。因此，本研究的目的是通过评估精子特征、受精成功率和产生存活后代的能力来确定野生间性蟑螂（红鲤）的配子质量。结果清楚地表明，配子生产减少间性蟑螂。一个显着较低比例的中度或重度雌性化的鱼（17.4%和33.3%，分别）能够释放与正常的雄鱼从受污染的河流（其中97.6%的男性能够释放鱼精），参考雄鱼（97.7%），或不太严重的雌性化的中间性鱼（实验1：85.8%，实验2：97%）相比，鱼精。雌雄同体的鱼，没有产生鱼精产生高达50%（每克睾丸重量的体积）比组织正常的雄鱼。此外，与正常雄鱼相比，间性鱼的精子活力（活动精子的百分比和曲线速度）以及精子成功使卵子受精并产生存活后代的能力都降低了。雄配子质量（用精子活力、精子密度和受精成功率评估）与间性鱼雌性化程度呈负相关（r = -0.603; P < 0.001），在严重雌性化的中间性鱼中，就受精成功率而言，与不太严重雌性化的双性鱼或未受影响的雄鱼相比。这是第一个证明形态学效应之间关系的证据（例如，内分泌干扰和任何野生脊椎动物的生殖能力。结果表明，排入水生环境的内分泌干扰物质的混合物可能对男性生殖健康构成威胁。
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals, known to be present in the environment, have great potential for interfering with reproductive health in wildlife and humans. There is, however, little direct evidence that endocrine disruption has adversely affected fertility in any organism. In freshwater and estuarine fish species, for example, although a widespread incidence of intersex has been reported, it is not yet known if intersexuality influences reproductive success. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to determine gamete quality in wild intersex roach (Rutilus rutilus) by assessing sperm characteristics, fertilization success, and ability to produce viable offspring. The results clearly demonstrate that gamete production is reduced in intersex roach. A significantly lower proportion of moderately or severely feminized fish (17.4% and 33.3%, respectively) were able to release milt compared with normal male fish from contaminated rivers (in which 97.6% of the males were able to release milt), reference male fish (97.7%), or less severely feminized intersex fish (experiment 1: 85.8%, experiment 2: 97%). Intersex fish that did produce milt produced up to 50% less (in terms of volume per gram of testis weight) than did histologically normal male fish. Moreover, sperm motility (percentage of motile sperm and curvilinear velocity) and the ability of sperm to successfully fertilize eggs and produce viable offspring were all reduced in intersex fish compared with normal male fish. Male gamete quality (assessed using sperm motility, sperm density, and fertilization success) was negatively correlated with the degree of feminization in intersex fish (r = -0.603; P < 0.001) and was markedly reduced in severely feminized intersex fish by as much as 50% in terms of motility and 75% in terms of fertilization success when compared with either less severely feminized intersex fish or unaffected male fish. This is the first evidence documenting a relationship between the morphological effects (e.g., intersex) of endocrine disruption and the reproductive capabilities of any wild vertebrate. The results suggest that mixtures of endocrine-disrupting substances discharged into the aquatic environment could pose a threat to male reproductive health.