Comparative toxicities of silver nitrate, silver nanocolloids, and silver chloro-complexes to Japanese medaka embryos, and later effects on population growth rate
Comparative toxicities of silver nitrate, silver nanocolloids, and silver chloro-complexes to Japanese medaka embryos, and later effects on population growth rate
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硝酸银、银纳米胶体和银氯络合物对日本青鳉胚胎的毒性比较以及对种群增长率的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.028
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Kashiwada Shosaku
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kataoka Chisato;Kato Yumie;Ariyoshi Tadashi;Takasu Masaki;Narazaki Takahito;Nagasaka Seiji;Tatsuta Haruki;Kashiwada Shosaku
鱼类胚胎毒理学很重要，因为胚胎比成体更容易受到有毒物质的影响。此外，化学品的水生毒性取决于水质。我们研究了三种类型的银-硝酸银，银纳米胶体（SNCs），和银离子从银纳米粒子板（SNPP）的青鳉胚胎的毒性-在三个pH值条件下（4.0，7.0和9.0）在胚胎饲养培养基（ERM）或超纯水。此外，我们测试了SNCs对青鳉及其种群增长的后期影响。“生命后期效应”在此被定义为仅在生命早期接触毒物的生物体在成体阶段发生的延迟毒性效应。硝酸银、SNCs和银离子在ERM中的毒性低于在超纯水中的毒性。银离子从SNPP的释放是pH依赖性的：在ERM中，由于形成银氯络合物，银毒性降低。SNC毒性在pH 4.0时高于在7.0或9.0时。AgNO 3的毒性大于SNCs。为了观察SNCs的后期影响，将从暴露于0.01 mg/L SNCs的超纯水中的胚胎孵化的幼虫在清洁条件下孵育至成熟。然后让成熟的青鳉繁殖21天。使用存活率和繁殖数据的计算表明，暴露于SNC的胚胎后，固有的人口增长率下降。SNC暴露减少灭绝时间的青鳉种群承载能力的函数。
Fish embryo toxicology is important because embryos are more susceptible than adults to toxicants. In addition, the aquatic toxicity of chemicals depends on water quality. We examined the toxicities to medaka embryos of three types of silver—AgNO3, silver nanocolloids (SNCs), and silver ions from silver nanoparticle plates (SNPPs)—under three pH conditions (4.0, 7.0, and 9.0) in embryo-rearing medium (ERM) or ultrapure water. Furthermore, we tested the later-life-stage effects of SNCs on medaka and their population growth. “Later-life-stage effects” were defined here as delayed toxic effects that occurred during the adult stage of organisms that had been exposed to toxicant during their early life stage only. AgNO3, SNCs, and silver ions were less toxic in ERM than in ultrapure water. Release of silver ions from the SNPPs was pH dependent: in ERM, silver toxicity was decreased owing to the formation of silver chloro-complexes. SNC toxicity was higher at pH 4.0 than at 7.0 or 9.0. AgNO3was more toxic than SNCs. To observe later-life effects of SNCs, larvae hatched from embryos exposed to 0.01 mg/L SNCs in ultrapure water were incubated to maturity under clean conditions. The mature medaka were then allowed to reproduce for 21 days. Calculations using survival ratios and reproduction data indicated that the intrinsic population growth rate decreased after exposure of embryos to SNC. SNC exposure reduced the extinction time as a function of the medaka population-carrying capacity.