Uniform emission taxes, abatement, and spatial disparities
Uniform emission taxes, abatement, and spatial disparities
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统一排放税、减排和空间差异
DOI：
10.1111/1467-8489.12397
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Hajime Takatsuka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hajime Takatsuka and Dao-Zhi Zeng;Hajime Takatsuka
本文探讨了对温室气体（GHG）排放征收共同税的承诺如何影响国家之间生产和福利的空间分布。为了关注企业搬迁的长期影响，本文采用了具有可变减排技术的两国垄断竞争模型。在模型中，温室气体排放与常规投入之间的替代弹性是一个关键参数。如果替代弹性小于1（在可替代区域内），大国的相对企业数量和相对福利随着统一税率单调增加。同时，如果替代弹性大于 1，它们对税率的响应都遵循倒 U 形曲线。然而，对于任何级别的税收，它们都必然高于没有税收的情况。这表明统一排放税扩大了企业地点和福利的国际差距。
This paper examines how a commitment to a common tax on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions affects spatial distribution of production and welfare between countries. To focus on the long‐term effects of firm relocation, the paper employs a two‐country model of monopolistic competition with a variable abatement technology. In the model, the elasticity of substitution between GHG emissions and the conventional input is a key parameter. If the elasticity of substitution is smaller than one (in the substitutable area), the relative number of firms and the relative welfare in the large country monotonically increase with uniform tax rates. Meanwhile, if the elasticity of substitution is larger than one, they both follow inverted U‐shaped curves in response to tax rates. Nevertheless, for any level of taxes, they both are necessarily higher than those in the case without taxes. This suggests that uniform emission taxes widen international disparities of firm location and welfare.