RESPONSE OF CULTURED ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS TO MECHANICAL STIMULATION
RESPONSE OF CULTURED ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS TO MECHANICAL STIMULATION
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01907974
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发表时间：
1989-05-01
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
BETZ, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DARTSCH, PC;BETZ, E
覆盖在血管管腔表面的内皮细胞受到至少两种不同的机械力：1)血液循环产生的流体剪应力；2)由于血液脉动引起的直径振荡而产生的周期性拉伸和松弛。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种模拟腹主动脉典型切迹的容量脉搏的装置。使用该装置，我们将培养的内皮细胞连续地产生周期性和方向性的拉伸和松弛三天。在所有实验中，细胞在受到机械刺激时仍保持附着和存活。绝大多数接受机械刺激的内皮细胞变得拉长和取向，其较长的轴垂直于拉伸方向(细胞取向角度：α。=88.7度。.+-。12.学位；.hivin.x.+-。而在未拉伸的膜上，细胞呈鹅卵石样外观，并保持随机取向。在拉伸细胞中，伸长因子为f=6.8.+-。1.3；.hivin.x.+-.未拉伸的细胞呈多边形，其伸长系数为f=1.8+-。0.8；.hivin.x.+-.标清。此外，还研究了细胞定位过程中细胞骨架成分如微丝和微管的行为，因为它们都积极参与细胞形状的改变和细胞的迁移。肌动蛋白细丝垂直于拉伸方向平行排列(肌动蛋白细丝方向角；β。=90.4度。.+-。9.学位；.hivin.x.+-。SD)。虽然观察到明显数量的微管平行排列，但没有观察到明显的微管取向。此外，机械刺激后细胞内的微管呈明显的非对称性分布，胞浆内有较强的荧光，微管似乎聚集在胞浆内。结果表明，在体外，周期性的拉伸和松弛可以诱导血管内皮细胞的伸长和定向，与体内血管搏动引起的血管壁的周期性振荡相当。
Endothelial cells covering the luminal surface of vessels are exposed to at least two different mechanical forces: 1) fluid shear stress produced by the circulation of blood, and 2) periodic stretching and relaxing as a result of the diameter oscillations caused by blood pulsation. In this study we present an apparatus which was constructed to imitate the volume pulse with its typical incisura of the abdominal aorta. Using this apparatus, we exposed cultured endothelial cells to continuously produced cyclic and directional stretching and relaxation for three days. In all experiments cells remained attached and viable when subjected to mechanical stimulation. The vast majority of endothelial cells which underwent mechanical stimulation became elongated and oriented with their longer axis perpendicular to the direction of stretching (angle of cell orientation: .alpha. = 88.7.degree. .+-. 12.degree.; .hivin.x .+-. SD), whereas cells on unstretched membranes had a cobblestone-like appearance and remained in random orientation. In the stretched cells, the factor of elongation was f = 6.8 .+-. 1.3; .hivin.x .+-. SD; unstretched cells which exhibited a polygonal shape had a factor of elongation of f = 1.8 .+-. 0.8; .hivin.x .+-. SD. In addition, the behavior of cytoskeletal components such as microfilaments and microtubules was examined in the process of cell orientation as both are actively involved in alternations of cell shape and cell migration. Actin filaments were oriented in parallel alignment perpendicular to the stretch direction (angle of actin filament orientation; .beta. = 90.4.degree. .+-. 9.degree.; .hivin.x .+-. SD). A distinct orientation of microtubules was not observed, although a noticeable number of microtubules was observed to be in parallel alignment. Furthermore, microtubules of cells which underwent mechanical stimulation exhibited a pronounced asymmetric intracellular distribution with strongly fluorescent cytoplasmic areas in which microtubules seemed to be accumulated. The results indicate that endothelial cell elongation and orientation in vitro can be induced by periodic stretching and relaxation comparable to the periodic oscillations of the vessel wall due to blood pulsation in vivo.