From one to three, exploring the rungs of Jacob’s ladder in magnetic alloys

From one to three, exploring the rungs of Jacob’s ladder in magnetic alloys
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从一到三,探索磁性合金中雅各布梯子的梯级

DOI:
10.1140/epjb/e2018-90275-5
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
The European Physical Journal B
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Verstraete, Matthieu J.
Verstraete, Matthieu J.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Romero, Aldo H.;Verstraete, Matthieu J.

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磁系统是电子结构方法的一个重要挑战,特别是密度泛函理论(DFT),它使用单一的行列式波函数。为了评估DFT在这类材料中得到的预测,我们对金属和磁性两类二元铁合金彼此之间以及相对于现有实验数据的不同交换关联泛函进行了基准测试。我们在雅各布的DFT阶梯上攀登了三级:(I)局部密度近似,(Ii)Perdew,Burke和Ernzerhof的行业标准近似,以及固体的修订版本,PBEsol(III),最后是非常精确的Meta-GGA函数扫描,对应于第三级。研究人员考虑了350多种铁磁和反铁磁结构。我们比较了凸壳、计算的磁矩、晶体结构、形成能和电子能隙(如果存在)。我们的结论是,没有一个泛函在所有条件下都是有效的:虽然PBE和PBEsol可以很好地描述晶体结构和能量,但SCAN强烈高估了形成能给出的值,至少是PBE(和实验)的两倍。用PBE也能更好地预测磁矩。我们的结果表明,磁性和强关联材料是DFT的一种艰难的试金石,它们代表了开发真正通用的交换关联泛函的下一个前沿。
Magnetic systems represent an important challenge for electronic structure methods, in particular Density Functional Theory (DFT), which uses a single determinant wavefunction. To assess the predictions obtained by DFT in this type of materials, we benchmark different exchange correlation functionals with respect to each other, and with respect to available experimental data, on two families of binary iron alloys which are metallic and magnetic. We climb three rungs in Jacob’s ladder of DFT (i) the local density approximation, (ii) the industry standard approximation due to Perdew, Burke and Ernzerhof, and the revised version for solids, PBEsol (iii) and finally a very accurate meta-GGA functional SCAN, which corresponds to the third rung. More than 350 structures in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic configurations were considered. We compare the Convex Hull, the calculated magnetic moment, crystal structure, formation energy and electronic gap if present. We conclude that none of the functionals work in all conditions: whereas PBE and PBEsol can give a fair description of the crystal structure and the energetics, SCAN strongly overestimates the formation energy – giving values which are at least twice as large as PBE (and experiment). Magnetic moments are better predicted by PBE as well. Our results show that magnetic and strongly correlated materials are a tough litmus test for DFT, and that they represent the next frontier in the development of a truly universal exchange correlation functionals.
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