Prevalence of psychiatric disorders among persons convicted of driving while
Prevalence of psychiatric disorders among persons convicted of driving while
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.58.10.943
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hunt, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lapham, SC;Smith, E;Hunt, WC
背景资料：大量被定罪的醉酒司机正在进入酒精治疗计划，但关于他们需要精神治疗的信息很少，这项对被定罪的醉酒司机的研究估计了DSM-III-R精神疾病的终生和12个月患病率（酒精和药物滥用和依赖，严重抑郁症，心境恶劣障碍，广泛性焦虑症，创伤后应激障碍，和反社会人格障碍），并与美国一项基于人口的调查的估计值进行比较。612名妇女和493名男子，年龄在23岁至54岁之间，被判在受损时驾驶，他们被转介到新墨西哥州伯纳里洛县的一个筛查项目，在1994年1月25日至1997年6月30日期间，使用诊断性访谈时间表进行了定位和访谈。将精神病学诊断与1990年9月14日至1992年2月6日在美国西部地区进行的全国科摩罗调查的结果进行比较。结果：85%的女性和91%的男性罪犯报告终生酒精使用障碍，而在全国科摩罗调查样本中，这一比例分别为22%和44%。32%的女性罪犯和38%的男性罪犯患有药物使用障碍，而在科摩罗全国调查样本中，这一比例分别为16%和21%。对于与酒精使用障碍的罪犯，50%的女性和33%的男性至少有1个额外的精神疾病以外的药物滥用或依赖，主要是创伤后应激障碍或重度depression.Conclusion：酒后驾车罪犯需要评估和治疗服务，不仅酒精的问题，但也为药物使用和其他精神疾病，通常伴随酒精相关的问题。
Background: Large numbers of convicted drunk drivers are entering alcohol treatment programs, yet little information is available about their need for psychiatric treatment, This study of convicted drunk drivers estimates lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders (alcohol and drug abuse and dependence, major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and antisocial personality disorder) and compares rates with estimates from a US population-based survey.Methods: Six hundred twelve women and 493 men, aged 23 to 54 years, convicted of driving while impaired, who had been referred to a screening program in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, were located and interviewed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule between January 25, 1994, and June 30, 1997. psychiatric diagnoses were compared with findings from the National Comorbidity Survey for the western region of the United States, conducted between September 14,1990, and February 6,1992.Results: Eighty-five percent of female and 91% of male offenders reported a lifetime alcohol-use disorder, compared with 22% and 44%, respectively, in the National Comorbidity Survey sample. Thirty-two percent of female and 38% of male offenders had a drug-use disorder, compared with 16% and 21%, respectively, in the National Comorbidity Survey sample. For offenders with alcohol-use disorders, 50% of women and 33% of men had at least 1 additional psychiatric disorder other than drug abuse or dependence, mainly posttraumatic stress disorder or major depression.Conclusion: Drunk-driving offenders need assessment and treatment services not only for alcohol problems but also for drug use and the other psychiatric disorders that commonly accompany alcohol-related problems.