Chaos in daisyworld
Chaos in daisyworld
复制标题
雏菊世界的混乱
DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0889.1990.t01-2-00001.x
复制
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
R. Eykholt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
X. Zeng;R. Pielke;R. Eykholt
洛夫洛克提出了一个概念，称为盖亚，其中生物圈的反馈最小化了气候条件的波动。一个简单的模型，被称为雏菊世界，后来被开发来说明盖亚的概念。雏菊世界被定义为一个无云的扁平或圆柱形行星，大气温室气体可以忽略不计，裸露的土壤和不同颜色的雏菊相互作用，以维持稳定的气候条件。本文采用雏菊世界模型更详细地研究了生物群与其环境之间的相互作用。研究发现，当控制生物群与环境温度之间反馈的参数发生变化时，会出现周期甚至混沌状态。周期解和混沌解的存在性通过它们的功率谱、分形维数和李亚普诺夫指数得到验证。这些结果表明，尽管雏菊提供了所需的反馈，但雏菊世界并不总是保持稳定的气候条件。虽然雏菊世界是一个简单的模型，但对这个模型的数学分析引发了对盖亚假设有效性的质疑。DOI: 10.1034 / j.1600 0889.1990.t01 - 2 - 00001. x
Lovelock proposed a concept, referred to as Gaia, in which feedbacks from the biosphere minimize fluctuation in climatic conditions. A simple model, referred to as daisyworld, was later developed to illustrate the Gaia concept. Daisyworld is defined on a cloudless flat or cylindrical planet with negligible atmospheric greenhouse gases in which bare soil and daisies of different colors interact so as to maintain stable climatic conditions. In the current paper, this daisyworld model is used to study the interaction between biota and their environment in more detail. It is found that periodic, and even chaotic, states can exist when the parameter controlling the feedback between biota and environmental temperature is changed. The existence of periodic and chaotic solutions is verified by their power spectra, fractal dimensions, and Lyapunov exponents. These results show that stable climatic conditions are not always maintained in daisyworld, despite the presence of daisies which supply the required feedback. While daisyworld is a simple model, the mathematical analysis of this model raises questions about the validity of the Gaia hypothesis. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1990.t01-2-00001.x