Contrasting deficits on executive functions between ADHD and reading disabled children
Contrasting deficits on executive functions between ADHD and reading disabled children
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01859.x
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Sergeant, Joseph A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marzocchi, Gian Marco;Oosterlaan, Jaap;Sergeant, Joseph A.
背景资料：本研究旨在探讨注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和阅读障碍（RD）儿童的执行功能与非执行功能的关系。研究方法：三个仔细诊断组的儿童，年龄在7至12岁之间（35 ADHD，22 RD和30典型发展中的儿童），进行了广泛的任务相关的五个主要领域的执行功能（EF）：抑制，视觉工作记忆，规划，认知灵活性和语言流畅性。为每个域选择额外的任务以控制非执行处理。结果：ADHD儿童在干扰控制方面存在缺陷，而在优势反应抑制和持续反应抑制方面无缺陷。ADHD在视觉工作记忆、计划、认知灵活性和语音流畅性方面存在缺陷。RD儿童语音流畅性受损。区分ADHD和RD的唯一EF指标是计划。结论：目前的样本ADHD儿童表现出几个EF赤字，而RD儿童几乎幸免于执行功能障碍，但表现出语音流畅性的赤字。
Background: The object of this study was to analyze the executive functioning of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or reading disability (RD) independent of their non-executive deficits. Methods: Three carefully diagnosed groups of children, aged between 7 and 12 years (35 ADHD, 22 RD and 30 typically developing children), were tested on a wide range of tasks related to five major domains of executive functioning (EF): inhibition, visual working memory, planning, cognitive flexibility, and verbal fluency. Additional tasks were selected for each domain to control for non-executive processing. Results: ADHD children were impaired on interference control, but not on prepotent and ongoing response suppression. ADHD showed deficits on visual working memory, planning, cognitive flexibility and phonetic fluency. RD children were impaired on phonetic fluency. The only EF measure that differentiated ADHD from RD was planning. Conclusions: The present sample of ADHD children showed several EF deficits, whereas RD children were almost spared executive dysfunction, but exhibited deficits in phonetic fluency.