Changes in social support and their impact on psychosocial outcome over a 5-year period for African American and White dementia caregivers
Changes in social support and their impact on psychosocial outcome over a 5-year period for African American and White dementia caregivers
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DOI：
10.1002/gps.1996
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Haley, William E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clay, Olivio J.;Roth, David L.;Haley, William E.
背景研究发现，非洲裔美国人比白人更能适应照看他人的角色。社会支持的数量和对社会支持的满意度被研究为这些种族差异的可能解释。方法对被诊断为痴呆症患者的家庭照顾者进行纵向研究。共有166名护理者-患者双方参加，并完成了年度随访评估。线性随机效应回归模型检验了5年的社区随访中社会支持、抑郁症状和生活满意度的纵向轨迹。社会支持也是抑郁症状和生活满意度的时间依赖预测因子。非洲裔美国人的照顾者报告说，他们对自己的社会支持网络比白人更满意。与白人同龄人相比，他们报告的抑郁症状更少，生活满意度更高。对社会支持的满意程度越高，抑郁症状越少，生活满意度越高，这在一定程度上解释了这些心理社会结果的种族差异。结论非裔美国人照顾者的韧性表现为抑郁症状较少，生活满意度较高，部分原因是他们对社会支持的满意度较高。结果表明，卫生保健提供者应该将低水平的社会支持视为照顾者心理结果不佳的可能先兆。未来的研究应该集中在社会支持和文化变量上，这些变量可能会解释照顾者结局中的种族差异。版权所有(C)2008 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
Background African Americans have been found to be more resilient to the caregiving role than Whites. Amount of social support and satisfaction with social support were studied as possible explanations for these racial differences.Methods Family caregivers of patients diagnosed as having dementia participated in a longitudinal study. There were 166 caregiver-patient dyads enrolled and annual follow-up assessments were completed. Linear random effects regression models examined the longitudinal trajectories of social support, depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction over 5 years of community follow-up. Social support was also included as a time-dependent predictor of depressive symptoms and life satisfaction.Results The number of helpful support persons available decreased significantly for both racial groups. African American caregivers reported more satisfaction with their social support networks than Whites. They also reported fewer depressive symptoms and higher levels of life satisfaction when compared to their White counterparts. Higher levels of satisfaction with social support were associated with fewer depressive symptoms and increased levels of life satisfaction and explained a portion of the racial differences on these measures of psychosocial outcome.Conclusions The resilience of African American caregivers, as displayed by their fewer depressive symptoms and higher levels of life satisfaction, was partially explained by their higher levels of satisfaction with social support. Results suggest that health care providers should view low levels of social support as a possible precursor to poor psychological outcomes in caregivers. Future research should focus on social support and cultural variables that might explain racial differences in caregiver outcomes. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.