Identifying spawning events in fish by observing a spike in environmental DNA concentration after spawning
Identifying spawning events in fish by observing a spike in environmental DNA concentration after spawning
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通过观察产卵后环境 DNA 浓度的峰值来识别鱼类的产卵事件
DOI：
10.1002/edn3.153
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Naoki Shibata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Satsuki Tsuji;Naoki Shibata
了解水生生物的生殖生物学对于有效保护和管理物种和/或种群至关重要。然而，传统的产卵调查，如基于视觉和捕获的监测，通常需要费力，耗时的工作，并受到监测偏差，如观察员偏差，以及由于错误产卵的误计数。此外，直接捕获往往会损害卵或个体。因此，一个有效的非侵入性的方法来监测产卵事件的水生物种将是一个有价值的工具，了解他们的生殖生物学和保护生物多样性。在这里，我们提出了一种基于环境DNA（eDNA）的方法，通过观察产卵事件后eDNA浓度的峰值来监测和了解产卵事件。在青鳉（Oryzias latipesandOryzias sakaizumii，1：1/tank）的杂交实验中，我们发现雄性青鳉在产卵后的eDNA浓度出现了一个峰值。此外，eDNA浓度的峰值的大小取决于产卵活动的数量与卵子和精子的释放。在繁殖季节的实地调查中，产卵后的eDNA浓度比预期产卵前高3-25倍。此外，在非生殖季节，eDNA浓度没有出现峰值。因此，我们的研究结果表明，eDNA浓度的尖峰主要是由释放的精子在产卵事件，它可以作为证据的产卵在现场调查。所提出的方法可能是研究生殖生物学的实用工具，并提供了设计有效的保护和环境管理行动的机会。
An understanding of the reproductive biology of aquatic organisms is crucial for the efficient conservation and management of species and/or populations. Nevertheless, conventional spawning surveys such as visual‐ and capture‐based monitoring generally require laborious, time‐consuming work and are subject to monitoring biases such as observer bias, as well as miscounts due to false spawning. In addition, direct capture often damages eggs or individuals. Thus, an efficient noninvasive approach for monitoring spawning events on aquatic species would be a valuable tool to understand their reproductive biology and conserving biodiversity. Here, we proposed an environmental DNA (eDNA)‐based approach for monitoring and understanding spawning events by observing spikes in eDNA concentration after spawning events. We found in hybridization experiment using two medaka species (Oryzias latipesandOryzias sakaizumii, 1:1 individual per tank) that a spike in eDNA concentration occurred in male species after spawning. Besides, the magnitude of the spike in eDNA concentration was dependent on the number of spawning activities with egg and sperm release. In the field survey during the reproductive season, eDNA concentrations after spawning were 3–25 times higher than before the expected time for spawning. Additionally, there was no spike in eDNA concentration during the non‐reproductive season. Therefore, our results demonstrated that spike in eDNA concentration is mainly caused by the released sperm during spawning events, and it can be used as evidence of spawning in the field survey. The presented approach could be a practical tool for studying reproductive biology and provides an opportunity to design effective conservation and environmental management actions.
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