"Hardcore" definitions and their application to a population-based sample of smokers
"Hardcore" definitions and their application to a population-based sample of smokers
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntq103
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Ferrence, Roberta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Costa, Michelle L.;Cohen, Joanna E.;Ferrence, Roberta
简介：随着吸烟流行率的下降，一些人认为，所谓的“铁杆”吸烟者将在目前吸烟者中占越来越大的比例（“硬化假说”）。文献中使用了不同的“铁杆”吸烟者定义。本文介绍了以人口为基础的定义“铁杆”吸烟者，并比较估计的患病率“铁杆”吸烟者使用这些definitions.Methods：在一个全面的文献检索中确定的定义减少到他们的组件结构。我们使用安大略烟草调查（2005-2008年; N = 4,130）的数据，估计了加拿大安大略目前所有成年吸烟者中“铁杆”吸烟者的患病率。定义一致性进行了检查，使用双变量cross-tabulation.Results：在文献中确定了六个定义。五个定义包括戒烟意图和戒烟尝试的结构，四个包括尼古丁依赖，三个包括长期使用，一个包括衡量吸烟者对吸烟危害的知识和面对社会对吸烟的强烈反对。根据这些定义，估计安大略的“铁杆”吸烟者患病率范围为0.03%至13.77%。结论：安大略的“铁杆”吸烟者患病率估计值在基于人群的文献中发现的“铁杆”吸烟者的六种定义之间差异很大。这项研究强调了需要就“铁杆”吸烟者的最佳定义达成共识。
Introduction: As smoking prevalence declines, some suggest that so-called "hardcore" smokers will come to represent a growing and irreducible proportion of current smokers ("hardening hypothesis"). Different definitions of a "hardcore" smoker have been used in the literature. This paper describes population-based definitions of "hardcore" smokers and compares estimates of the prevalence of "hardcore" smokers derived using these definitions.Methods: Definitions identified in a comprehensive literature search were reduced to their component constructs. We estimated the prevalence of "hardcore" smokers as a proportion of all current adult smokers in Ontario, Canada, using data from the Ontario Tobacco Survey (2005-2008; N = 4,130). Definition concordance was examined using bivariate cross-tabulations.Results: Six definitions were identified in the literature. Five definitions included constructs of quit intentions and quit attempts, four included nicotine dependence, three included long-term use, and one included a measure of smoker knowledge about smoking hazards and confronting substantial societal disapprobation of smoking. Estimates of "hardcore" smoker prevalence in Ontario based on these definitions ranged from 0.03% to 13.77%.Conclusions: Estimates of the prevalence of "hardcore" smokers in Ontario varied considerably between the six definitions of the "hardcore" smokers found in the population-based literature. This study underscores the need for consensus on the best definition of "hardcore" smoker.