Korean-American Female Perspectives on Disability
Korean-American Female Perspectives on Disability
复制标题
韩裔美国女性对残疾的看法
DOI：
10.1044/1058-0360.0802.99
复制
发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Jenny Sung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Erickson;P. Devlieger;Jenny Sung
不同的文化在对待健康和疾病(包括残疾)的态度、信仰和价值观方面存在差异。在确定的文化中，经济地位、教育水平、宗教信仰和家庭背景等因素进一步影响文化信仰。因此，如何看待健康和疾病，包括残疾，将在不同种族社区之间以及在不同种族社区内有所不同(Helman，1990；Leininger，1970；Spector，1991)。在一个来自不同文化的人越来越多的国家，为具有不同文化背景的客户及其家人提供服务的专业人员必须理解关于残疾的信念，包括沟通障碍，以制定和促进有效的评估和治疗方法(Lynch&Hanson，1998)。虽然关于沟通障碍的信息有限(Bebout&Arthur，1992；Maestas&Erickson，1992)，但关于跨文化的健康态度(Chin，1992；Choi，1995；Kepps&Kurimoti，1994)和一般残疾(Edgerton，1970；Zernitsky-Shurka，1988)的信息是可用的。此外，还提供了关于韩国健康信念和制度的研究、韩国育儿实践的跨文化比较以及对患有痴呆症的老年父母的产前护理和照料(Choi，1995；Furuto，Biswas，Chung，Musase&Ross-Sheriff，1992；Lee&Sung，1997；Patterson&Kim，1986；Pritham&Sammons，1993；Yoon，1983)。然而，针对韩裔美国人残疾人口的数据尚未报道。此外，韩国医学综合征，如华边和能已经被描述(例如，Kendall，1987；Kim，1995；Lin，1983)，但关于韩国医学综合征和信仰系统如何与沟通障碍相关的文献有限。本文介绍了韩裔美国妇女对残疾的原因和治疗的态度。通过了解韩国文化和收集有关残疾原因和治疗的文化态度的经验性信息，临床专业人员可能会增加他们对目前居住在美国的韩裔美国人群体的文化敏感性，并为他们开发适当的治疗方法。我们选择研究韩裔美国女性，因为在美国文化中，这些女性将是主要的照顾者，语言病理学家将在其中评估和治疗韩裔美国儿童和家庭。因此，治疗沟通障碍的演讲语言病理学家可能会通过协调韩裔美国人的文化信仰来增加有效的沟通和治疗。一种解决临床实践中的文化信息的模型是为跨文化护理提出的护理的文化能力模型。根据Campinha-Baco te(1993)的说法，在努力实现文化能力的过程中包括四个过程。首先，专业人士必须
Cultures differ in regard to attitudes, beliefs, and values toward health and illness, including disability. Within an identified culture, factors such as economic status, level of education, religious beliefs, and family background further influence cultural beliefs. Thus, how health and illness, including disabilities, are viewed will vary between as well as within different ethnic communities (Helman, 1990; Leininger, 1970; Spector, 1991). In a nation with growing numbers of persons from diverse cultures, beliefs about disabilities, including communication disorders, must be understood by professionals who provide services to culturally diverse clients and their families to develop and promote effective evaluation and treatment approaches (Lynch & Hanson, 1998). Information is available on cross-cultural attitudes toward health (Chin, 1992; Choi, 1995; Krepps & Kunimoti, 1994) and disabilities in general (Edgerton, 1970; Zernitsky-Shurka, 1988), although there is limited information regarding communication disorders (Bebout & Arthur, 1992; Maestas & Erickson, 1992). Research on Korean health beliefs and systems and cross-cultural comparison of Korean mothering practices as well as prenatal care and caregiving to elderly parents with dementia is also available (Choi, 1995; Furuto, Biswas, Chung, Musase, & Ross-Sheriff, 1992; Lee & Sung, 1997; Patterson & Kim, 1986; Pritham & Sammons, 1993; Yoon, 1983). However, data specific to the Korean-American population on disability have not been reported. Furthermore, Korean medical syndromes, such as hwa byung and naeng have been described (eg, Kendall, 1987; Kim, 1995; Lin, 1983), but the literature on how Korean medical syndromes and belief systems relate to communication disorders is limited. This article identifies the attitudes of Korean-American women toward the causes and treatment of disabilities. Through learning about Korean culture and gathering empirical information on cultural attitudes regarding the causes and treatment of disabilities, clinical professionals may increase their cultural sensitivity toward and develop appropriate treatments for the population of Korean Americans currently residing in the United States.We have chosen to research Korean-American females because these women will be the primary caregivers in the American culture within which speech-language pathologists are going to evaluate and treat Korean-American children and families. Therefore, speechlanguage pathologists who treat communication disorders may increase effective communication and treatment by attuning to the cultural beliefs of Korean Americans. One model that addresses cultural information in clinical practice is the cultural competency model of care proposed for transcultural nursing. According to Campinha-Bacote (1993), four processes are included in working toward cultural competency. First, professionals must