Explaining AI Decisions Using Efficient Methods for Learning Sparse Boolean Formulae
Explaining AI Decisions Using Efficient Methods for Learning Sparse Boolean Formulae
复制标题
使用学习稀疏布尔公式的有效方法解释人工智能决策
DOI:
10.1007/s10817-018-9499-8
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Francis, Michael
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jha, Susmit;Sahai, Tuhin;Raman, Vasumathi;Pinto, Alessandro;Francis, Michael
In this paper, we consider the problem of learning Boolean formulae from examples obtained by actively querying an oracle that can label these examples as either positive or negative. This problem has received attention in both machine learning as well as formal methods communities, and it has been shown to have exponential worst-case complexity in the general case as well as for many restrictions. In this paper, we focus on learningsparseBoolean formulae which depend on only a small (but unknown) subset of the overall vocabulary of atomic propositions. We propose two algorithms—first, based on binary search in the Hamming space, and the second, based on random walk on the Boolean hypercube, to learn these sparse Boolean formulae with a given confidence. This assumption of sparsity is motivated by the problem of mining explanations for decisions made by artificially intelligent (AI) algorithms, where the explanation of individual decisions may depend on a small but unknown subset of all the inputs to the algorithm. We demonstrate the use of these algorithms in automatically generating explanations of these decisions. These explanations will make intelligent systems more understandable and accountable to human users, facilitate easier audits and provide diagnostic information in the case of failure. The proposed approach treats the AI algorithm as a black-box oracle; hence, it is broadly applicable and agnostic to the specific AI algorithm. We show that the number of examples needed for both proposed algorithms only grows logarithmically with the size of the vocabulary of atomic propositions. We illustrate the practical effectiveness of our approach on a diverse set of case studies.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2009
期刊:
Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence
影响因子:
--
作者:
F. Elizalde;L. Sucar;J. Noguez;A. Reyes
通讯作者:
A. Reyes
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1997
期刊:
International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for Construction and Analysis of Systems
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
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DOI:
10.1613/jair.3301
发表时间:
2011
期刊:
J. Artif. Intell. Res.
影响因子:
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作者:
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通讯作者:
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2017
期刊:
NASA Formal Methods
影响因子:
--
作者:
Susmit Jha;Vasumathi Raman;Alessandro Pinto;T. Sahai;Michael Francis
通讯作者:
Michael Francis
影响因子:
14.4
作者:
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György Turán