Cell dedifferentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal transitions during intestinal regeneration in H. glaberrima.
Cell dedifferentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal transitions during intestinal regeneration in H. glaberrima.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-213x-11-61
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发表时间：
2011-10-17
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tossas K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
García-Arrarás JE;Valentín-Tirado G;Flores JE;Rosa RJ;Rivera-Cruz A;San Miguel-Ruiz JE;Tossas K
确定参与再生过程的细胞类型和来源一直是再生生物学领域研究人员的重要目标之一。我们之前已经使用了几种细胞标记物来表征参与光斑海参肠道再生的细胞。我们现在已经获得了一种单克隆抗体来标记间皮细胞；肠壁的外层，由腹膜细胞和肌细胞组成。利用这种抗体，我们研究了该组织层在肠道再生早期阶段的作用。我们现在已经表明，肠系膜的间皮细胞，特别是肌肉成分，在再生过程的早期就经历了去分化。另一方面，细胞增殖的增加要晚得多，并且主要发生在再生肠初胚的间皮或体腔上皮。此外，我们发现肠雏形的形成涉及一种新的再生机制，上皮细胞进入结缔组织并获得间充质表型。我们的研究结果强烈表明，去分化间皮为肠道雏形的形成提供了最初的细胞来源。在后期，细胞增殖为再生细胞的大小增加提供了必要的额外细胞。我们的数据还表明，上皮细胞向间充质细胞转化的机制提供了许多在再生肠中发现的结缔组织细胞。这些结果为器官再生的细胞基础，特别是内脏器官再生过程提供了一些新的重要信息。
Determining the type and source of cells involved in regenerative processes has been one of the most important goals of researchers in the field of regeneration biology. We have previously used several cellular markers to characterize the cells involved in the regeneration of the intestine in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. We have now obtained a monoclonal antibody that labels the mesothelium; the outer layer of the gut wall composed of peritoneocytes and myocytes. Using this antibody we studied the role of this tissue layer in the early stages of intestinal regeneration. We have now shown that the mesothelial cells of the mesentery, specifically the muscle component, undergo dedifferentiation from very early on in the regeneration process. Cell proliferation, on the other hand, increases much later, and mainly takes place in the mesothelium or coelomic epithelium of the regenerating intestinal rudiment. Moreover, we have found that the formation of the intestinal rudiment involves a novel regenerative mechanism where epithelial cells ingress into the connective tissue and acquire mesenchymal phenotypes. Our results strongly suggest that the dedifferentiating mesothelium provides the initial source of cells for the formation of the intestinal rudiment. At later stages, cell proliferation supplies additional cells necessary for the increase in size of the regenerate. Our data also shows that the mechanism of epithelial to mesenchymal transition provides many of the connective tissue cells found in the regenerating intestine. These results present some new and important information as to the cellular basis of organ regeneration and in particular to the process of regeneration of visceral organs.