HIV-associated nephropathy in African Americans.
HIV-associated nephropathy in African Americans.
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非裔美国人中与艾滋病毒相关的肾病。
DOI：
10.1046/j.1523-1755.63.s83.10.x
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Winkler,Cheryl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kopp,JeffreyB;Winkler,Cheryl
人类免疫缺陷病毒-1(HIV-1)感染与几种肾小球综合征有关，其中最常见的是HIV相关性局灶性节段性肾小球硬化(FSGS)。目前，在美国因FSGS而进入终末期肾病(ESRD)的患者中，HIV相关的FSGS可能占高达30%。HIV相关FSGS的机制尚未明确，但已有证据支持直接感染肾实质细胞和HIV-1辅助蛋白的毒性。与艾滋病毒相关的FSGS对非洲裔患者有明显的偏好。这很可能是有遗传基础的，尽管目前还没有确定负责的一个或多个基因。一种方法是检查与疾病相关的候选基因的多态。另一种方法使用全基因组扫描，依靠DNA标记和疾病基因之间的连锁不平衡来识别一个或多个致病基因。非裔美国人是一个混杂的群体，基因贡献来自非洲人、欧洲人和美洲原住民。在混合群体中，可以利用疾病基因和标记基因之间的连锁不平衡来识别疾病基因，这种方法被称为混合连锁不平衡作图(MALD)。
HIV-associated nephropathy in African Americans.Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection is associated with several glomerular syndromes, the most prevalent of which is HIV-associated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). At present, HIV-associated FSGS may account for up to 30% of patients in the United States entering end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as a consequence of FSGS. The mechanisms responsible for HIV-associated FSGS are not well defined, but evidence has been presented in favor of direct infection of renal parenchymal cells and toxicity of HIV-1 accessory proteins. HIV-associated FSGS has a striking predilection for patients of African descent. This likely has a genetic basis, although the gene or genes responsible have not yet been identified. One approach is to examine candidate genes for polymorphisms that are associated with disease. Another approach uses a genome-wide scan, relying upon linkage disequilibrium between DNA markers and the disease gene, to identify the causal gene or genes. African Americans are an admixed population, with genetic contributions from African, European, and Native American populations. In admixed populations, linkage disequilibrium between disease genes and marker genes can be exploited to identify disease genes, using an approach termed mapping by admixture linkage disequilibrium (MALD).