Rhythmic PER abundance defines a critical nodal point for negative feedback within the circadian clock mechanism.

Rhythmic PER abundance defines a critical nodal point for negative feedback within the circadian clock mechanism.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2009.10.012
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发表时间:
2009-11-13
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Lee C
Lee C
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen R;Schirmer A;Lee Y;Lee H;Kumar V;Yoo SH;Takahashi JS;Lee C

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哺乳动物的昼夜节律是由转录负反馈环产生的,该负反馈环主要由PER和CRY的振荡驱动,PER和CRY抑制它们自己的转录激活因子CLOCK和BMAL 1。目前的模型认为CRY是主要的阻遏物,而PER可能起辅助作用。然而,在这项研究中,PER的组成型表达,而不是RP 1,严重破坏了成纤维细胞和肝脏中的时钟。此外,在转基因小鼠的脑和SCN中组成型表达PER 2以条件性和可逆的方式引起行为昼夜节律的完全丧失。这些结果表明,PER 2的节律水平,而不是PER 1,是细胞和完整的生物体中的昼夜节律振荡的关键。生化证据支持这种差异的一种优雅机制:PER 2直接和有节奏地与CLOCK:BMAL 1结合,而CRY仅间接相互作用; PER 2桥接CRY和CLOCK:BMAL 1以驱动昼夜负反馈回路。
Circadian rhythms in mammals are generated by a transcriptional negative feedback loop that is driven primarily by oscillations of PER and CRY, which inhibit their own transcriptional activators, CLOCK and BMAL1. Current models posit that CRY is the dominant repressor while PER may play an accessory role. In this study, however, constitutive expression of PER, and not CRY1, severely disrupted the clock in fibroblasts and liver. Furthermore, constitutive expression of PER2 in the brain and SCN of transgenic mice caused a complete loss of behavioral circadian rhythms in a conditional and reversible manner. These results demonstrate that rhythmic levels of PER2, rather than CRY1, are critical for circadian oscillations in cells and in the intact organism. Biochemical evidence supports an elegant mechanism for the disparity: PER2 directly and rhythmically binds to CLOCK:BMAL1, while CRY only interacts indirectly; PER2 bridges CRY and CLOCK:BMAL1 to drive the circadian negative feedback loop.
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