Factors influencing conservation attitudes of local people in Western Serengeti, Tanzania
Factors influencing conservation attitudes of local people in Western Serengeti, Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1007/s10531-006-9132-8
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kaltenborn, Bjorn P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kideghesho, Jafari R.;Roskaft, Eivin;Kaltenborn, Bjorn P.
人们越来越多地采用态度研究作为评估公众对养护措施的理解、接受程度和影响的工具。这些研究的结果有助于指导政策干预。许多因素对保护态度产生积极或消极的影响。激发积极态度的因素可能会促进保护目标的实现，而引发消极态度的因素可能会在心理上破坏这些目标。每一特定因素的综合影响的大小取决于历史、政治、生态、社会文化和经济条件，这可能需要不同的管理干预措施。在这项研究中，我们研究了如何保护塞伦盖蒂西部的态度是由以下因素形成的：与保护区的冲突水平;野生动物施加的限制（不足的牧场，水，疾病，牲畜在迁移，盗窃和掠夺过程中的损失）;参与社区为基础的项目;和社会人口因素（年龄，教育水平，财富，移民，性别和家庭规模）。结果表明，冲突的程度、参与社区项目的程度、牧场不足、缺水、疾病、财富和教育对人们的态度的形成都很重要。然而，在逐步线性回归分析中，人们态度的变化有59%是由三个变量解释的，即，与保护区的冲突程度、缺水和参与社区项目。除了这些变量，教育水平也有助于解释51%的变化，人们的态度有关的状态游戏储备。五个变量（缺水，教育水平，牧场不足，参与社区项目和疾病）解释了人们对塞伦盖蒂国家公园态度的12%的变化。本文讨论了这些结果对保护的意义，并提出了实现有效保护野生动物资源的一些措施。
Attitudinal studies are increasingly being adopted as tools for evaluating public understanding, acceptance and the impact of conservation interventions. The findings of these studies have been useful in guiding the policy interventions. Many factors affect conservation attitudes positively or negatively. The factors inspiring positive attitudes are likely to enhance the conservation objectives while those inducing negative attitudes may detrimentally undermine these objectives. The magnitude of the resultant effects of each particular factor is determined by the historical, political, ecological, socio-cultural and economic conditions and this may call for different management interventions. In this study we examined how conservation attitudes in western Serengeti are shaped by the following factors: level of conflicts with protected areas; wildlife imposed constraints (inadequate pasture, water, diseases, loss of livestock during migration, theft and depredation); participation in the community based project; and socio-demographic factors (age, education level, wealth, immigration, gender and household size). The results indicated that the level of conflicts, participation in the community based project, inadequate pasture, lack of water, diseases, wealth and education were important in shaping peoples' attitudes. However, in a stepwise linear regression analysis, 59% of the variation in peoples' attitudes was explained by three variables i.e., conflict level with protected areas, lack of water and participation in the community based project. In addition to these variables, level of education also contributed in explaining 51% of the variation in people's attitude regarding the status of the game reserves. Five variables (lack of water, level of education, inadequate pasture, participation in the community based project and diseases) explained 12% of the variation in people's attitude towards Serengeti National Park. The paper discusses the implications for conservation of these results and recommends some measures to realise effective conservation of wildlife resources.