The Sialome-Far More Than the Sum of Its Parts
The Sialome-Far More Than the Sum of Its Parts
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DOI：
10.1089/omi.2009.0148
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Varki, Ajit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Miriam;Varki, Ajit
糖组定义为在特定条件下发现的细胞、组织和生物体的聚糖库。广泛多样的糖组是由非模板驱动的生物合成产生的，其在基因组中间接编码，并且非常动态。由于这种压倒性的多样性，糖组学分析必须在不同的复杂性层次上进行。在这篇评论中，五个这样的水平的复杂性和用于分析在每个级别的实验方法进行了讨论的糖组的一个子类：唾液酸。类似于森林的树冠，唾液酸蛋白质覆盖细胞膜，具有各种各样的复杂唾液酸化结构。唾液酸组复杂性包括唾液酸核心结构的修饰（叶和花）、与潜在糖的连接（茎）、潜在聚糖的身份和排列（分支）、潜在聚糖的结构属性（树），以及最后，唾液酸聚糖相对于完整细胞表面组分的空间组织（森林）。因此，理解sialome的全部复杂性需要在多个水平上进行组合分析，也就是说，sialome远远超过其部分的总和。
The glycome is defined as the glycan repertoire of cells, tissues, and organisms, as found under specified conditions. The vastly diverse glycome is generated by a nontemplate driven biosynthesis, which is indirectly encoded in the genome, and very dynamic. Due to this overwhelming diversity, glycomic analysis must be approached at different hierarchical levels of complexity. In this review five such levels of complexity and the experimental approaches used for analysis at each level are discussed for a subclass of the glycome: the sialome. The sialome, in analogy to the canopy of a forest, covers the cell membrane with diverse array of complex sialylated structures. Sialome complexity includes modification of sialic acid core structure (the leaves and flowers), the linkage to the underlying sugar (the stems), the identity, and arrangement of the underlying glycans (the branches), the structural attributes of the underlying glycans (the trees), and finally, the spatial organization of the sialoglycans in relation to components of the intact cell surface (the forest). Understanding the full complexity of the sialome thus requires combined analyses at multiple levels, that is, the sialome is far more than the sum of its parts.