Dietary fiber, glycemic load, and risk of NIDDM in men
Dietary fiber, glycemic load, and risk of NIDDM in men
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DOI：
10.2337/diacare.20.4.545
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Willett, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salmeron, J;Ascherio, A;Willett, WC
目的：人们假设碳水化合物的摄入会增加NIDDM的风险，而膳食纤维可能会降低NIDDM的发病率。这些假设尚未得到前瞻性评估。研究设计和方法：我们在1986年40-75岁的42,759名无NIDDM或心血管疾病的男性队列中研究了饮食与NIDDM风险之间的关系。饮食在基线时通过有效的半定量食物频率问卷进行评估。在6年的随访期间，记录了523例NIDDM事件。结果：在调整了年龄、BMI、吸烟、身体活动、糖尿病家族史、饮酒、谷物纤维和总能量摄入等因素后，膳食血糖指数（碳水化合物提高血糖水平能力的指标）与NIDDM的风险呈正相关。比较最高和最低五分位数，NIDDM的相对危险度（RR）为1.37 （95% CI, 1.02 ~ 1.83， P趋势= 0.03）。谷物纤维与NIDDM风险呈负相关（RR = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.96， P趋势= 0.007）；
OBJECTIVE - Intake of carbohydrates that provide a large glycemic response has been hypothesized to increase the risk of NIDDM, whereas dietary fiber is suspected to reduce incidence. These hypotheses have not been evaluated prospectively.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We examined the relationship between diet and risk of NIDDM in a cohort of 42,759 men without NIDDM or cardiovascular disease, who were 40-75 years of age in 1986. Diet was assessed at baseline by a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. During 6-years of follow-up, 523 incident cases of NIDDM were documented.RESULTS - The dietary glycemic index (an indicator of carbohydrate's ability to raise blood glucose levels) was positively associated with risk of NIDDM after adjustment for age, BMI, smoking, physical activity, family history of diabetes, alcohol consumption, cereal fiber, and total energy intake. Comparing the highest and lowest quintiles, the relative risk (RR) of NIDDM was 1.37 (95% CI, 1.02-1.83, P trend = 0.03). Cereal fiber was inversely associated with risk of NIDDM (RR = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.96, P trend = 0.007; for >8.1 g/day vs.