Race-related differences among elderly urban residents: a cohort study, 1975-1984.
Race-related differences among elderly urban residents: a cohort study, 1975-1984.
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老年城市居民与种族相关的差异：一项队列研究，1975-1984。
DOI：
10.1093/geronj/45.4.s163
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Folmar,SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ford,AB;Haug,MR;Jones,PK;Roy,AW;Folmar,SJ
1975年对1，598名65岁以上的城市居民进行了基于人口的队列研究，1984年在其居住地重新采访了645名幸存者。由于25.6%的受试者是黑人，因此可以检查9年来与种族有关的健康，功能和社会经济地位的变化，以及机构化和死亡率的差异。城市中的老年黑人继续处于严重的社会不利地位，特别是在教育和收入方面。74岁以后，尽管黑人的死亡率可能更高，机构化程度也更低，但他们认为自己不太健康，更容易患糖尿病、高血压和青光眼。虽然黑人对自己的心理健康评价较低，但这种差异没有得到其他措施的支持。在功能上，老年白人更有可能依赖于某些日常生活活动。这些发现与之前观察到的死亡率交叉一致;死亡率的预测因素已确定，但不因种族而异。老年黑人的收容率较低，部分原因可能是不同的生活模式，贫困，以及幸存的黑人中男性比例较高
A population-based cohort of 1,598 urban residents, aged 65 years and over, was studied in 1975, and 645 survivors were re-interviewed in their places of residence in 1984. Since 25.6 percent of the subjects were Black, it was possible to examine race-related changes in health, function, and socioeconomic status over nine years, as well as differences in rates of institutionalization and mortality. Aging urban Blacks continue to experience major social disadvantages, especially in education and income. After age 74, although Blacks probably experience more favorable mortality rates and less institutionalization, they consider themselves less healthy and are more likely to develop diabetes, hypertension, and glaucoma. Although Blacks rate their own mental health lower, this difference is not supported by other measures. Functionally, elderly Whites are more likely to be dependent in certain activities of daily living. The findings are consistent with the previously observed mortality crossover; predictors of mortality are identified but do not differ by race. Lower institutionalization rates among older Blacks may be partly explained by different living patterns, poverty, and a higher proportion of males among surviving Blacks