A mutation in the enzyme monoamine oxidase explains part of the Astyanax cavefish behavioural syndrome
A mutation in the enzyme monoamine oxidase explains part of the Astyanax cavefish behavioural syndrome
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms4647
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Retaux, Sylvie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elipot, Yannick;Hinaux, Helene;Retaux, Sylvie
我们使用Astyanax mexicanus，一个单一的物种与表面居住的形式（SF）和盲目的脱色洞穴形式（CF），研究大脑和行为的进化机制。在CF中，复杂动机行为（社交，进食，睡眠，探索）的变化起源尚不清楚。在这里，我们发现一个高胺能表型CF大脑，包括高水平和神经传递指数的血清素，多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素，和低单胺氧化酶（MAO）的活动。虽然在CF中MAO表达没有变化，但在MAO编码序列中发现了pro 106 leu突变。这种突变导致CF脑中的低MAO活性和高5-羟色胺神经传递指数。我们在几个自然CF人群中发现了相同的突变等位基因，其中一些是独立进化的。在几个洞穴中出现相同的等位基因可能表明，低MAO活性有利于洞穴生活。这些结果为洞穴鱼“行为综合征”的几个方面提供了遗传基础。
We use Astyanax mexicanus, a single species with surface-dwelling forms (SF) and blind de-pigmented cave forms (CF), to study mechanisms underlying the evolution of brain and behaviour. In CF, the origin of changes in complex motivated behaviours (social, feeding, sleeping, exploratory) is unknown. Here we find a hyper-aminergic phenotype in CF brains, including high levels and neurotransmission indexes for serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline, and low monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity. Although MAO expression is unchanged in CF, a pro106leu mutation is identified in the MAO coding sequence. This mutation is responsible for low MAO activity and high serotonin neurotransmission index in CF brains. We find the same mutated allele in several natural CF populations, some being independently evolved. Such occurrence of the same allele in several caves may suggest that low MAO activity is advantageous for cave life. These results provide a genetic basis for several aspects of the cavefish 'behavioural syndrome'.