Expression of urinary H-2 odortypes by infant mice.
Expression of urinary H-2 odortypes by infant mice.
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幼鼠尿液 H-2 气味的表达。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.89.7.2756
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Boyse,EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamazaki,K;Beauchamp,GK;Imai,Y;Bard,J;Boyse,EA
小鼠中扩展的 H-2 基因复合体包括至少三个独立指定独特体味（“气味类型”）的位点，其差异识别影响交配选择并影响早期妊娠的维持。识别 H-2 气味类型的主要实验方法是专门设计的 Y 迷宫，其中通过剥夺水和奖励来训练小鼠区分传到迷宫臂的气味与 H-2 不同的小鼠或其尿液。已证实，与成年小鼠不同，H-2 不相似的婴儿小鼠不能被 Y 迷宫中经过训练的小鼠区分。然而，先前关于幼年小鼠不表达 H-2 气味的结论被证明是不正确的，因为 H-2 不相似的幼年小鼠的尿液，即使在 1 天大时，在 Y 迷宫中也能被区分出来。因此，母亲摄入的尿液显然足以让她将自己的孩子与其他 H-2 不相似的幼崽区分开来。此外，尿液似乎是 H-2 气味的独特来源。正如我们所相信的那样，如果H-2气味型主要代表由有气味代谢物的尿液排出物中的H-2遗传变异组成的复合气味，与依赖于单一气味物质的化学差异的简单气味不同，那么不负责H-2气味型特异性的肾脏仍然可以通过各种成分有气味代谢物的差异排泄/再吸收处理赋予尿液气味型独特的特征。在这种情况下，各种器官和组织，其中已知造血/淋巴系统有助于H-2气味型特异性，可能会表现出组织特异性的H-2气味型品种，其产物尚未经过肾脏处理。
The extended H-2 complex of genes in the mouse includes at least three loci that independently specify distinctive body odors, "odortypes," whose differential recognition influences mating choice and affects the maintenance of early pregnancy. A prime experimental method of identifying H-2 odortypes is the specially designed Y-maze in which mice are trained, by water deprivation and reward, to distinguish odors conducted to the arms of the maze from H-2-dissimilar mice or their urines. It is confirmed that H-2-dissimilar infant mice, unlike adult mice, are not distinguished by trained mice in the Y-maze. However, a previous conclusion that infant mice do not express H-2 odortypes is shown to be incorrect, because the urines of H-2-dissimilar infant mice, even at 1 day of age, were distinguished in the Y-maze. Thus urine, ingested by the mother, clearly could suffice for her to distinguish her own from other H-2-dissimilar pups. Further, urine would seem to be a unique source of H-2 odortypes. If, as we believe, H-2 odortypes represent mostly compound odors composed by H-2 genetic variation in the urinary output of odorous metabolites, as distinct from simple odors that depend on chemical differences of single odorants, then the kidney, which is not responsible for H-2 odortype specificity, may nevertheless impart a unique character to urinary odortypes by virtue of differential excretion/resorption processing of various constituent odorous metabolites. In that case, various organs and tissues, among which the hematopoietic/lymphoid system is known to contribute to H-2 odortype specificity, may exhibit tissue-specific varieties of H-2 odortypes, their products having not yet been subjected to renal processing.