Modularized Field-Effect Transistor Biosensors
Modularized Field-Effect Transistor Biosensors
复制标题
DOI：
10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02939
复制
发表时间：
2019-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Jiang, Xiaocheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dai, Xiaochuan;Vo, Richard;Jiang, Xiaocheng
场效应晶体管(FET)，当被适当的生物识别元件(如抗体或酶)功能化时，代表了一个独特的实时、特定的、无标记的生化信号转导平台。然而，生物识别分子在场效应管上的直接固定化在可重编性、传感器再生和坚固的器件处理方面施加了限制。在这里，我们展示了一种模块化设计的FET生物传感器，它具有单独的生物识别和传感器模块，能够进行可逆组装和拆卸。特别是，选择了固定化生物受体的水凝胶“STAMP”来构建生物识别模块，以便在结构和功能上与FET换能器可靠地对接。利用青霉素酶编码的水凝胶模块，成功地检测到了青霉素含量低至0.25 mm的青霉素，展示了跨混合界面的有效信号转导。此外，在同一FET设备上顺序集成尿素酶和青霉素酶编码的模块使我们能够重新编程传感模式，而不会交叉污染。除了独立的生物受体编码，模块化设计还通过调节生物识别模块中的物理化学微环境来促进对传感动力学的复杂控制。具体地说，聚乙二醇和明胶在水凝胶孔隙率方面的区别使得只能通过明胶模块对较大分子(如聚L赖氨酸(MW150-300 kDa))的访问和检测进行控制。具有标准化接口设计的生物识别模块也被开发出来，以符合3D打印的附加批量制造，展示了低成本、易于存储、多路传输以及个性化生物传感器生产的极大可定制性的潜力。这一通用概念为模块化生物电子学提出了一种独特的集成战略，并可能广泛影响混合设备的开发。
Field-effect transistors (FETs), when functionalized with proper biorecognition elements (such as antibodies or enzymes), represent a unique platform for real-time, specific, label-free transduction of biochemical signals. However, direct immobilization of biorecognition molecules on FETs imposes limitations on reprogrammability, sensor regeneration, and robust device handling. Here we demonstrate a modularized design of FET biosensors with separate biorecognition and transducer modules, which are capable of reversible assembly and disassembly. In particular, hydrogel "stamps" immobilizing bioreceptors have been chosen to build biorecognition modules to reliably interface with FET transducers structurally and functionally. Successful detection of penicillin down to 0.25 mM has been achieved with a penicillinase-encoded hydrogel module, demonstrating effective signal transduction across the hybrid interface. Moreover, sequential integration of urease- and penicillinase-encoded modules on the same FET device allows us to reprogram the sensing modality without cross-contamination. In addition to independent bioreceptor encoding, the modular design also fosters sophisticated control of sensing kinetics by modulating the physiochemical microenvironment in the biorecognition modules. Specifically, the distinction in hydrogel porosity between polyethylene glycol and gelatin enables controlled access and detection of larger molecules, such as poly-L-lysine (MW 150-300 kDa), only through the gelatin module. Biorecognition modules with standardized interface designs have also been exploited to comply with additive mass fabrication by 3D printing, demonstrating potential for low cost, ease of storage, multiplexing, and great customizability for personalized biosensor production. This generic concept presents a unique integration strategy for modularized bioelectronics and could broadly impact hybrid device development.