Does cannibalism in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reduce the risk of predation?
Does cannibalism in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reduce the risk of predation?
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DOI：
10.1007/s002650000237
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Goulson, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chapman, JW;Williams, T;Goulson, D
采用田间笼法研究了田间条件下玉米上草地贪夜蛾幼虫的同类相食发生率。同类相食被发现占约40%的死亡率时，玉米植株被侵染的两个或四个四龄幼虫超过3天的时间。田间试验研究了幼虫密度对松褐天牛天敌优势度的影响。食虫类。大量的捕食者（earwigs，隐翅虫，其他掠食性甲虫，和通草蛉属）。在幼虫取食危害程度较高的玉米植株上，捕食性天敌的数量显著增加，而捕食性天敌的数量与捕食性天敌的数量之间存在着一定的关系。每株草地贪夜蛾幼虫不太清楚。由于幼虫的损害可能是一个更可靠的指标以前的幼虫密度比在评估收集的数字，这表明捕食风险将更大的幼虫生活在大群体。寄生性占高粱幼虫死亡率的7.1%，涉及6种Hytera和寄蝇科寄蝇。幼虫密度或植株内分布对寄生蜂攻击幼虫的概率没有影响。同类相食的选择利益，在捕食和寄生的风险，进行了讨论。
The incidence of cannibalism of larval Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize under field conditions was investigated using field cages. Cannibalism was found to account for approximately 40% mortality when maize plants were infested with two or four fourth-instar larvae over a 3-day period. Field trials examined the effect of larval density on the prevalence of natural enemies of S. frugiperda. The abundance of predators (earwigs, staphylinids, other predatory beetles, and Chrysoperla spp.) was significantly greater on maize plants with higher levels of larval feeding damage, while the relationship between predator abundance and number of S. frugiperda larvae per plant was less clear. As larval damage is probably a more reliable indicator of previous larval density than numbers collected at an evaluation, this indicates that predation risk will be greater for larvae living in large groups. Parasitism accounted for 7.1% mortality of larvae in sorghum, and involved six species of Hymenoptera and Tachinidae. There was no effect of larval density or within-plant distribution on the probability of larval attack by parasitoids. The selective benefits of cannibalism, in relation to the risk of predation and parasitism, are discussed.