Molecular analysis of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete communities in a Pinus sylvestris L. stand reveals long-term increased diversity after removal of litter and humus layers.
Molecular analysis of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete communities in a Pinus sylvestris L. stand reveals long-term increased diversity after removal of litter and humus layers.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0168-6496(03)00109-0
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发表时间：
2003-07
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
E. Smit;C. Veenman;J. Baar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Smit;C. Veenman;J. Baar
近几十年来，荷兰松林中外生菌根种的子实体数量急剧减少。这一减少是由于氮沉降的增加以及凋落物和腐殖质的积累。草皮切割和去除凋落物和腐殖质的影响，恢复外生菌根的多样性在苏格兰松林在Dwingeloo，荷兰，以前从1990年至1993年进行了调查。凋落物和腐殖土的去除导致外生菌根真菌的种类和子实体的数量显着增加。然而，到目前为止，所有数据都是通过计算子实体获得的，并且没有评估对地下菌丝体发育的影响。为了研究菌丝发育，从散装土壤中提取DNA，并使用担子菌特异性内转录间隔区（ITS）引物通过扩增获得聚合酶链反应产物。利用变性梯度凝胶电泳分析了对照区和处理区之间的多样性差异。为了评估物种组成和差异，扩增片段的ITS区进行克隆和测序。将序列与GenBank中的序列和从同一地块收集的子实体的序列进行比较。数据表明，增加地下外生菌根的多样性，已受到清除的凋落物和腐殖质层的地块。
The number of fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal species in pine forests in The Netherlands has decreased dramatically in recent decades. This decrease has been attributed to an increase in nitrogen deposition and the accumulation of litter and humus. The effects of sod cutting and the removal of litter and humus, to restore ectomycorrhizal diversity in a Scots pine forest in Dwingeloo, The Netherlands, were investigated previously from 1990 to 1993. Removal of the litter and humus resulted in a significant increase in the numbers of species and fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, until now all data were obtained by counting fruiting bodies and the effects on mycelial development below ground were not assessed. To investigate hyphal development, DNA was extracted from bulk soil and polymerase chain reaction products were obtained by amplification using basidiomycete-specific internal transcribed spacer (ITS) primers. The differences in diversity between the control plots and the treated plots were analyzed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. To assess the species composition and differences, ITS regions of the amplified fragments were cloned and sequenced. Sequences were compared with sequences from GenBank and from fruiting bodies collected from the same plots. Data indicated increased below-ground ectomycorrhizal diversity in the plots that had been subjected to removal of the litter and humus layers.