Influence of Different Photoperiod and Temperature Regimes on Growth and Bulb Quality of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Cultivars
Influence of Different Photoperiod and Temperature Regimes on Growth and Bulb Quality of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Cultivars
复制标题
不同光周期和温度条件对大蒜（Allium sativum L.）品种生长和球茎品质的影响
DOI：
10.3390/agronomy9120879
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Cheng, Zhihui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Atif, Muhammad Jawaad;Amin, Bakht;Cheng, Zhihui
大蒜的生长和鳞茎发育受光周期和温度的影响，从而影响其形态、生理和营养品质。光周期和温度的不同组合可能会影响鳞茎的发育和质量，并可以决定一个品种在特定地区的适用性。研究了不同光温组合对大蒜鳞茎生长、形态生理和营养品质的影响。三个大蒜品种;将G103、G 024和G2011-5暴露于光周期（8 h/16 h、10 h/14 h、12 h/12 h、14 h/10 h、16 h/8 h（亮/暗））和温度（20 ℃/15 ℃、25 ℃/18 ℃和30 ℃/20 ℃）的不同组合。结果表明，较长的光周期（14 h或16 h）和较高的温度（25 ℃或30 ℃）处理显著促进大蒜鳞茎的形成，使鳞茎直径、高度、鳞茎指数最大，生长期最短。而12小时光周期的鳞茎重最大。此外，在30 ℃下，14 h光照处理显著提高了可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、总糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、果糖、淀粉、总酚、总黄酮含量，而在8 h光照处理和最低温度（20 ℃）下，可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、总糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、果糖、淀粉、总酚、总黄酮含量显著降低。这些变化与鳞茎性状和鳞茎指数有关。在20 ℃下观察到大蒜植物的最大植物站立高度和假茎直径。14 h-30 ℃组合下的植株鲜重、鳞茎直径最大，生育期最短，鳞茎的生理和营养品质最好; 12 h-30 ℃组合下的植株鳞茎重最大，16 h-30 ℃组合下的植株鳞茎高度最大。在品种cv. G103表现出最好的响应测试光周期和温度组合的形态生理和生化特性的研究，除了鳞茎指数是最大的品种。G024本研究通过对可溶性蛋白质、糖和酚类物质的调节，总结了光温组合对大蒜生长和鳞茎形成的影响。
Growth and bulb development in garlic is affected considerably by variations in photoperiod and temperature thereby influencing its morphology, physiology, and nutritive quality. Varied combinations of photoperiods and temperatures may influence the bulb development and quality, and can determine the suitability of a cultivar for a particular region. Experiments were conducted to study the impact of different photoperiod and temperature combinations on the growth, morpho-physiology, and nutritive quality of garlic bulb. Three garlic cultivars viz; G103, G024, and G2011-5 were exposed to different combinations of photoperiod (8 h/16 h, 10 h/14 h, 12 h/12 h, 14 h/10 h, 16 h/8 h (light/dark)) and temperature (20 degrees C/15 degrees C, 25 degrees C/18 degrees C, and 30 degrees C/20 degrees C). Results revealed that longer photoperiod (14 h or 16 h) and higher temperature (25 degrees C or 30 degrees C) treatments significantly improved the garlic bulbing imparting maximum bulb diameter, height, bulbing index, and the shortest growth period. Whereas, 12-h photoperiod had maximum bulb weight. In addition, total soluble solid (TSS), content of soluble protein, soluble sugar, total sugar, glucose, sucrose, fructose, starch, total phenols, and total flavonoids increased significantly because of 14-h photoperiod and 30 degrees C temperature condition, however exhibited decline with 8 h photoperiod and lowest temperature (20 degrees C). These alterations were related to bulb characteristics and bulbing index. Maximum plant standing height and pseudostem diameter of the garlic plant were observed at 20 degrees C. Additionally, plants under the combination of 14 h-30 degrees C had maximum fresh weight, bulb diameter, shortest growth period, maximum physiological and nutritive quality traits of the bulb, while as 12 h-30 degrees C combinations resulted in maximum bulb weight and 16 h-30 degrees C had maximum bulb height. Among cultivars cv. G103 showed best response to tested photoperiod and temperature combinations in terms of morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes studied, except for bulbing index which was maximum in cv. G024. Present study concludes the influence of photoperiod and temperature combinations on garlic growth and bulbing characteristics through the modulations induced in soluble protein, sugars, and phenolic compounds.