Socio-ecological Factors of Zoonotic Diseases Exposure in Colorado Dairy Workers.
Socio-ecological Factors of Zoonotic Diseases Exposure in Colorado Dairy Workers.
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DOI：
10.1080/1059924x.2020.1725700
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发表时间：
2021-04
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Rao, Sangeeta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Palomares Velosa, Jairo Enrique;Salman, Mo D.;Roman-Muniz, Ivette N.;Reynolds, Stephen;Linke, Lyndsey;Magnuson, Roberta;McConnel, Craig S.;Rao, Sangeeta
奶牛场的人畜共患病病原体对在那里工作和生活的人来说是一种已知的风险。沙门氏菌血清型、E.大肠杆菌（O 157; H7）、空肠弯曲杆菌和微小隐孢子虫已被证明存在于奶牛场环境中。社会生态因素已被确定为传染病风险人群预防行为的决定因素。本研究描述了两个奶牛场的42名工人的社会生态因素对选定的人畜共患细菌性和原虫性疾病的影响。职业接触沙门氏菌都柏林、E.大肠杆菌和弯曲杆菌属（Campylobacter spp.）得到了证实。自我效能和工作场所的负面看法是接触沙门氏菌都柏林的危险因素（OR分别为1.43[95%CI 1.11-2.22]和1.22 [95%CI 1.02-1.53]）。此外，安全知识和风险认知是暴露的保护因素（OR = 0.90 [95%CI 0.79-1.00]）。上司和同事的积极看法是弯曲杆菌暴露的保护因素（OR = 0.89 [95%CI 0.79-0.98]）。结果表明，存在一个支持性的组织环境，与主管和同事的良好沟通，以及预防人畜共患病的培训，可能会减少这些农场的人畜共患病的职业暴露。
Zoonotic pathogens on dairy farms are a known risk for people who work and live there. Exposure and/or transmission of Salmonella serovars, E. coli (O157; H7), Campylobacter jejuni, and Cryptosporidium parvum have been documented to occur in the dairy farm environment. Social ecological factors have been identified as determinants of preventive behaviors of people at risk of infectious diseases. This study described the effect of socio-ecological factors on selected zoonotic bacterial and protozoal diseases in 42 workers of two dairy farms. Occupational exposure to Salmonella ser. Dublin, E. coli, and Campylobacter spp. was confirmed. Self-efficacy and negative workplace perceptions were risk factors for Salmonella Dublin exposure (OR = 1.43[95% CI 1.11–2.22] & 1.22 [95% CI 1.02–1.53] respectively,). Additionally, safety knowledge and risk perceptions were protective factors of exposure (OR = 0.90 [95% CI 0.79–1.00]). Positive perceptions of supervisors and coworkers was a protective factor of Campylobacter exposure (OR = 0.89 [95% CI 0.79–0.98]). Results indicated that the presence of a supporting organizational environment, good communication with supervisors and coworkers, and training on prevention of zoonotic diseases would potentially reduce occupational exposures to zoonotic diseases on these farms.