Exemption or Exclusion? A study of student exclusion in PISA in Norway
Exemption or Exclusion? A study of student exclusion in PISA in Norway
复制标题
豁免还是排除？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
David Rutkowski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Aursand;David Rutkowski
摘要近年来，许多国家的比萨项目的排除率都有所上升，其中挪威的排除率上升幅度高于平均水平。本文重点介绍了挪威在比萨中的排斥率经验，包括对2000年至2018年这一增长的跟踪分析。通过对主要利益相关者的采访，本文探讨了几个可能解释挪威排斥率大幅上升的原因的想法。主要调查结果显示，挪威的排斥率可能很高，因为在挪威使用“豁免”和“排斥”这两个词是有区别的，因此在挪威，豁免学生被解释为更温和、更金德。访谈还显示，在确定学生的参与程度很高的学校领导的主观性，许多挪威学校的领导人作出决定，以促进学生的掌握感，并尽量减少失败的感觉。访谈显示，许多挪威学校领导认为排除学生是积极和有益的，并不关心其对测试的代表性和有效性的影响。
ABSTRACT In recent years, exclusion rates in PISA have risen in many countries, including a sharper-than-average rise in Norway. This article focuses on Norway’s experience with exclusion rates in PISA, including an analysis tracking this increase between 2000 and 2018. Through interviews with key stakeholders, this article explores several ideas that might explain why Norway’s exclusion rates have risen so dramatically. Key findings revealed that Norway’s exclusion rates may be high because there is a distinction between using the terms ‘exemption’ and ‘exclusion’ in Norway, so exempting students is interpreted to be much softer and kinder in Norway. Interviews also revealed a high degree of school leader subjectivity in determining student participation, and that many Norwegian school leaders made decisions to promote student feelings of mastery and minimize feelings of defeat. Interviews revealed that many Norwegian school leaders see excluding students as positive and beneficial, and are not concerned with its effects on test representativeness and validity.