Three Decades of Research Guiding Policy and Policy Guiding Research: Academic Efforts Concerning Aging and Public Policy.
Three Decades of Research Guiding Policy and Policy Guiding Research: Academic Efforts Concerning Aging and Public Policy.
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三个十年的研究指导政策和政策指导研究：有关老龄化和公共政策的学术努力。
DOI：
10.1093/ppar/prac031
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Peterson,LindsayJ
中科院分区：
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作者：
Peterson,LindsayJ
2017年飓风伊尔玛袭击佛罗里达州十天后，凯瑟琳·海尔博士坐在参议员苏珊·柯林斯的参议院老龄化特别委员会面前。飓风几乎摧毁了全州的电力供应，并促使数百万人疏散。她是南佛罗里达大学(USF)老龄化研究学院的教授，她敦促专家小组更多地关注灾难对老年人的影响，要求对长期护理中的灾难规划进行更多监督，并在老年教育方面投入更多资金(Disaster Prepare and Response，2017)。她的声明反映了十多年的研究，始于2004年夏天横扫佛罗里达州的一系列飓风，以及2005年摧毁路易斯安那州和德克萨斯州部分地区的卡特里娜和丽塔飓风。这项工作将USF老龄研究学院和布朗大学的医疗服务研究人员联系在一起，获得了国家老龄研究所资助的赠款，旨在研究养老院(NHS)居民在大飓风路径上发生的情况。他们的研究发现：这些居民更有可能在飓风过后的几周和几个月内死亡或住院，甚至在飓风过后90天内也是如此，如果他们被疏散，他们的风险就会更大(Dosa等人，2012年)。随着结果的发展，研究人员开始了一项平行的努力，将发现转化为政策和实践。在约翰·A·哈特福德基金会的资助下，他们召集了一系列飓风峰会，将私人长期护理代表与联邦、地区和州政策制定者以及州和联邦应急管理人员联系起来(Hyer，Brown等人，2010年)。其中包括美国卫生与公众服务部监察长办公室和国土安全部。随着时间的推移，新的政府法规和指导方针出现，以支持NHS在全国范围内的灾难规划和应对。作为哈特福德资助的工作的一部分，美国联邦/布朗研究小组进一步与长期护理领导人合作，提出备灾建议(FLORID a Health Care Association，2008年)，其中包括一个简明易懂的模型，以帮助决定是撤离还是就地避难(见图1)。可以肯定的是，这些研究人员并不是唯一研究卡特里娜飓风后灾难对老年人影响的人(皮尔斯等人，2017年)。然而，它们的独特之处在于，它们明确侧重于传播其研究的政策和实践教训。
Ten days after Hurricane Irma struck Florida in 2017 with the power to knock out electrical service nearly statewide and prompt millions of people to evacuate, Dr. Kathryn Hyer sat before Senator Susan Collins’ Special Senate Committee on Aging. A professor in the School of Aging Studies at the University of South Florida (USF), she urged the panel to pay more attention to the effects of disasters on older adults, require greater oversight of disaster planning in long-term care, and invest more in geriatric education (Disaster Preparedness and Response, 2017). Her statement reflected more than a decade of research that began with a string of hurricanes that traversed Florida in the summer of 2004 and Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, which devastated parts of Louisiana and Texas in 2005. This work linked the USF School of Aging Studies and health service researchers at Brown University on a National Institute on Aging–funded grant that aimed to examine what happens to residents of nursing homes (NHs) in the path of a major hurricane. Among their findings: these residents are more likely to die or be hospitalized in the weeks and months after a hurricane, even up to 90 days afterward, and their risks are greater if they are evacuated (Dosa et al., 2012). As the results developed, the researchers began a parallel effort to translate the findings for policy and practice. With a grant from the John A. Hartford Foundation, they convened a series of hurricane summit meetings to connect private long-term care representatives with federal, regional, and state policy-makers and state and federal emergency management personnel (Hyer, Brown, et al., 2010). Among them were the Office of Inspector General of the US Department of Health and Human Services and the Department of Homeland Security. Over time, new government regulations and guidelines emerged to bolster disaster planning and responses in NHs nationally. As part of the Hartford-funded work, the USF/Brown research team collaborated further with long-term care leaders to produce disaster preparedness recommendations (Florid a Health Care Association, 2008), including a plain-language model to aid in the decision of whether to evacuate or shelter in place (see Figure 1). To be sure, these researchers were not the only ones to examine the effects of disasters among older adults after Hurricane Katrina (Pierce et al., 2017). However, they were unique in their explicit focus on disseminating the policy and practice lessons of their research.