Effects of conflict on child health: Evidence from the 1990-1994 Northern Mali Conflict
Effects of conflict on child health: Evidence from the 1990-1994 Northern Mali Conflict
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DOI：
10.1002/hec.4146
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发表时间：
2020-08-15
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Kijima, Yoko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tsujimoto, Takahiro;Kijima, Yoko
本研究评估了1990-1994年马里北方冲突在不同暴露时间（子宫内和出生后）对儿童健康的影响。两个人体测量变量（年龄身高和身高体重Z分数）被用作儿童健康的指标。实证策略依赖于基于出生队列、GIS居住信息和冲突强度的差异中的差异方法。冲突风险的强度是以每个社区10公里半径范围内爆发的冲突造成的死亡人数来衡量的。估计结果表明，儿童及其母亲受到的辐射越严重，对儿童身高的负面影响就越大，但对儿童体重的负面影响则不明显。此外，冲突暴露的时间对儿童的健康结果起着至关重要的作用：在子宫内而不是出生后暴露于冲突，对健康产生负面影响。进行了安慰剂试验以及选择性迁移、生育力和死亡率试验，并证实了主要结果的稳健性。子宫内暴露时间的不同影响表明，母亲压力的增加是主要机制。
This study evaluates the impact of the 1990-1994 conflict in northern Mali on child health at different timings of exposure (in utero and after birth). Two anthropometric variables (height-for-age and weight-for-heightZ-scores) are used as indicators of child health. The empirical strategy relies on the difference-in-difference approach based on birth cohort, GIS residence information, and conflict intensity. The intensity of conflict exposure is measured by the number of deaths resulting from a conflict that broke out within a 10-km radius of each community. The estimation results show that the more severe the exposure to children and their mothers, the greater is the negative impact on the height, but not on the weight, of children. Additionally, the timing of conflict exposure plays a critical role in the outcome of a child's health: exposure to conflict in utero, rather than after birth, negatively affects health. Placebo test as well as tests of selective migration, fertility, and mortality are conducted and confirmed the robustness of the main results. The differential effects of the timing of exposure in utero suggest that the heightened maternal stress is the main mechanism.