Association between diet and measures of arterial stiffness in type 1 diabetes - Focus on dietary patterns and macronutrient substitutions
Association between diet and measures of arterial stiffness in type 1 diabetes - Focus on dietary patterns and macronutrient substitutions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.numecd.2018.07.003
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Groop, P. -H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahola, A. J.;Gordin, D.;Groop, P. -H.
背景和目的：动脉僵硬增加导致糖尿病血管并发症。方法和结果：共有612名参与者(40%的男性，平均年龄45+/-13岁)完成了有效的饮食问卷，并接受了动脉僵硬的测量。在这些人中，有470人额外完成了食物记录。应用探索性因素分析从饮食问卷中确定饮食模式，并根据食物记录条目计算营养素摄入量。用压平眼压计测量动脉硬度。在形成的七个饮食因素中，“全脂奶酪和鸡蛋”和“甜食”模式的因素分数与动脉僵硬的测量结果呈负相关。在多变量常量营养素替代模型中，碳水化合物优于脂肪与较高的主动脉平均动脉压和主动脉脉搏波速度相关。当摄入碳水化合物代替蛋白质时，记录到较高的主动脉脉压、平均动脉压和增强指数。用蛋白质代替酒精的能量与较低的主动脉脉压、主动脉平均动脉压和增强指数相关。膳食中脂肪酸的相对分布相对于动脉硬化的指标是中性的。结论：膳食中的常量营养素分布可能影响动脉的弹性。我们的观察表明，减少碳水化合物和酒精的能量摄入可能是有益的。这些观察结果，特别是那些与饮食模式有关的观察结果，需要在纵向研究中得到证实。(C)2018年意大利糖尿病学会、意大利动脉粥样硬化研究学会、意大利人类营养学会和费德里科二世大学临床内外科。爱思唯尔出版，版权所有。
Background and aims: Increased arterial stiffness contributes to diabetic vascular complications. We identified dietary factors related to arterial stiffness in individuals with type 1 diabetes, a population with high risk of cardiovascular disease.Methods and results: Altogether, 612 participants (40% men, mean +/- standard deviation age 45 +/- 13 years) completed a validated diet questionnaire and underwent measurements of arterial stiffness. Of these, 470 additionally completed a food record. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to identify dietary patterns from the diet questionnaires, and nutrient intakes were calculated from food record entries. Arterial stiffness was measured by applanation tonometry. Of the seven dietary factors formed, the factor scores of "Full-fat cheese and eggs" and "Sweet" patterns were negatively associated with measures of arterial stiffness. In the multivariable macronutrient substitution models, favouring carbohydrates over fats was associated with higher aortic mean arterial pressure and aortic pulse wave velocity. When carbohydrates were consumed in place of proteins, higher aortic pulse pressure, aortic mean arterial pressure, and augmentation index were recorded. Replacing energy from alcohol with proteins, was associated with lower aortic pulse pressure, aortic mean arterial pressure, and augmentation index. Relative distributions of dietary fatty acids were neutral with respect to the measures of arterial stiffness.Conclusion: The macronutrient distribution of the diet is likely to affect the resilience of the arteries. Our observations suggest that reducing energy intake from carbohydrates and alcohol may be beneficial. These observations, especially those dealing with dietary patterns, need to be confirmed in a longitudinal study. (C) 2018 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.